50 pages • 1 hour read
Louis SacharA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: This section of the guide refers to the source text’s use of outdated and offensive terms for unhoused people and the Romani culture, replicated in direct quotes only. In addition, as an older text, Wayside School Is Falling Down makes occasional references to mild gender-based aggressions that are no longer considered acceptable.
A delivery truck pulls up to Wayside school carrying a delivery for Mrs. Jewls. Louis, the yard teacher, is outside cleaning up stray pencils and papers that are littering the play yard. Because he thinks that the children do not like to be interrupted during their studies, he tells the driver that he is Mrs. Jewls so that the driver will not interrupt class. Louis struggles up to the 30th floor, carrying the heavy package. Through the door, he can hear Mrs. Jewls teaching a lesson about gravity. All the children volunteer to be the one to open the door for Louis, because they love to be interrupted during class. While Lewis complains about how heavy the package is, Mrs. Jewls holds a spelling bee to see which child will be allowed to open the door. Once Louis is finally inside, Mrs. Jewls makes him hold the package while she climbs onto a chair to open it. Inside is a fancy new computer. The children are not enthusiastic, but Mrs. Jewls assures them that the computer will help them in their studies. She then drops the computer out the window to illustrate how gravity works. She thanks Louis and says that the computer was a much better example for her students than the pencils and papers they have been dropping out of the window all morning.
A new student enters Mrs. Jewls’s class. She introduces him as “Mark Miller,” although his actual name is Benjamin Nushmutt. Benjamin is a shy child who always struggles to introduce himself because he finds his own name difficult to say. He is also hesitant to correct a teacher. He takes a seat, resolving to find the courage to tell Mrs. Jewls his real name when the class leaves for morning recess. At recess, he loses his nerve and spends the 10-minute recess time sitting on the stairs, waiting for his classmates to come back up. When they return, their friendliness makes him wonder if they would like Benjamin Nushmutt as much as they seem to like Mark Miller. Mrs. Jewls passes out some work, and Benjamin does not know which name to write on his paper. Louis comes to the classroom door with Benjamin’s lunch, which his mother has delivered, but Mrs. Jewls assures Louis that there is no “Benjamin” in her classroom. Benjamin worries that if he tries to tell Mrs. Jewls his real name now, she will think that he is trying to steal someone else’s lunch. He writes “Mark Miller” on his paper, thinking that someday he will need to tell Mrs. Jewls his actual name.
Mrs. Jewls calls Bebe up to her desk and asks her about the note written on the back of her homework assignment. It reads, “MRS. JEWLS IS AS FAT AS A HIPPOPOTAMUS! (AND SHE SMELLS LIKE ONE, TOO)” (16). Bebe protests that her younger brother, Ray, must have written the rude note to get her into trouble. Mrs. Jewls says that they will teach Ray a lesson; she gives Bebe an A+ and a lollipop. A similar incident occurs the next day. Bebe tells Mrs. Jewls that Ray is always getting her into trouble at home because he pulls pranks that she is then blamed for masterminding. Again, Bebe gets an A+ and a lollipop. On the third day, Bebe reads aloud a report on George Washington that is really just a series of insults about Mrs. Jewls. She tells Mrs. Jewls that Ray put toothpaste in her socks, causing her mother to yell at her for wasting toothpaste. Feeling sorry for Bebe, Mrs. Jewls calls Bebe’s mother to chide her for always believing Ray instead of Bebe. Bebe’s mother asks, “Who’s Ray?”
Mrs. Jewls attempts to lead a lesson about fractions, but she is constantly interrupted by her students’ irrelevant questions, comments, and stories. The chief offender is Mac, who diverts the conversation by talking about finding a missing sock in the refrigerator. When it is time for recess, Mrs. Jewls must assign the remainder of the lesson as homework. The pattern is repeated after recess because Mac gets the class off-track by talking about a giant watermelon. Mrs. Jewls assigns the remainder of the science lesson as homework, as well. By the end of the day, the class has homework in four subjects. On his walk home, Mac complains to a student from another class that it is unfair that Mrs. Jewls assigns more homework than any other teacher at Wayside School.
On show-and-tell day, Sharie brings a “hobo” named Bob to class. Bob describes his life riding trains, avoiding baths, and eating mulligan stew with his friends. The children are fascinated by his refusal to wear socks, especially since he claims that no one will hire him because of this quirk. He points out that Albert Einstein often went without socks. Although Bo claims that this is “[b]ecause socks make you stupid” (34), Mrs. Jewls is quick to contradict this idea. Bob tells the children that when he was a child, he once earned first place in his school’s spelling bee on a day when he was sockless. As a result, he has gone without socks ever since. Mac interrupts with his story about losing one of his socks, and he is astonished when Bob easily guesses where he found the sock. After Bob leaves, Mrs. Jewls says that it is time for the weekly spelling test. Before she can begin the test, she must wait for all the students to remove their socks.
Paul and Leslie are alone in the classroom during recess. Paul congratulates himself on maturing enough to stop pulling Leslie’s pigtails. However, when he is overwhelmed by a desire to do it again, he asks her for permission to pull one of her pigtails. When she refuses, he asks whether he might just touch one pigtail. Leslie is disgusted and leaves the room. Paul leans out the window to get some fresh air. Leslie returns unexpectedly, startling him and causing him to fall out the window. Fortunately, he catches himself on a brick jutting out from the wall. He calls to Leslie to help him, and she realizes that the only way to help him is to lean out the window and let him grab her long pigtails. Once Paul is safely back in the classroom, he promises never to pull her pigtails again. He laughs, telling Leslie, “This time your pigtails pulled me” (43).
Myron, who is seated by the classroom window, feeds some crumbs to a visiting bird that he has named “Oddly.” He wonders if the bird thinks the classroom is Myron’s cage. Wanting to feel more freedom, he tries sitting on the floor instead of in his seat, but Mrs. Jewls makes him return to his chair. After lunch, Myron decides that he is tired of the stifling rules and routines of school. Instead of trooping back upstairs with the other students, he goes downstairs to the school’s basement. Frightened by the rumors that he has heard about the basement, he panics when he hears footsteps behind him in the darkness. He tosses a sneaker off to one side and is relieved when the footsteps seem to head toward the sound. When he throws his other sneaker in the same direction, however, he does not hear it land; instead, he hears the footsteps coming toward him again. He runs, but when he falls, the footsteps catch up to him. A light comes on, and Myron sees a bald man and two men with black mustaches. The bald man returns Myron’s left shoe. One of the other men asks his name and then asks him what he is doing out of his “cage—I mean, seat?” (50). When Myron says he just wants to be free, the bald man tells him that he must choose—he can be free, or he can be safe. Myron chooses freedom, and the men have him sign a piece of paper; Myron cannot read the language that the document is written in. The men pronounce him free, turn off the light, and disappear. When Myron finally makes it back to Mrs. Jewls’s classroom, she tells him that he is tardy and should write his name on the discipline list on the board. Instead, Myron sits down on the floor, refusing to take the math test that everyone else is working on. Mrs. Jewls is powerless to do anything about it because Myron is now “free.” After school, Mrs. Jewls finds Myron’s other sneaker in the refrigerator of the teachers’ lounge.
Although each story in this section can be enjoyed separately, the stories have a greater impact when read in order, especially when it comes to appreciating the book’s humor. Although the wordplay, alliteration, and reversals of expectations that contribute to the text’s humorous tone can generally be appreciated in isolation, some of Sachar’s comedic techniques are cumulative in nature. Sachar establishes a series of running jokes that reappear at odd intervals throughout these stories. For example, socks are fleetingly mentioned in “Bebe’s Baby Brother,” reappear in “Homework,” and become the primary focus of “Another Story About Socks.” When Bob exclaims, “Is that all you kids ever talk about? Socks! Socks! Socks!” (33), the comment alludes to the fact that socks have become a running joke for the entire class, and additional references to this theme continue to abound, enhancing the stories’ collective focus on The Importance of Embracing Life’s Absurdities.
Reading the stories consecutively also allows for a deeper understanding of Sachar’s use of foreshadowing and suspense. In “A Package for Mrs. Jewls,” Louis goes up the stairs, not down, because “nobody ever went down there. There were dead rats living in the basement” (3). The paradoxical description of “dead” rats “living” in the basement is designed to be whimsical in and of itself, but this piece of exposition also serves as a key moment of foreshadowing to indicate that someone will eventually go down into the basement. Likewise, in “Mark Miller,” Benjamin is warned, “Don’t go in the basement. Whatever you do, don’t go in the basement” (12). Because this second comment about the school’s basement is delivered without explanation, the scene builds suspense and continues the trend of ominous foreshadowing. Sherie delivers another ominous warning about the basement when she is explaining to Bob how to get out of the school after his visit to Mrs. Jewls’s class in “Another Story About Socks.” Thus, by the time Myron actually visits the school’s basement in “Freedom,” the collection’s seventh story, Sachar has created a sense of anticipation around this event, and the whimsical nature of the school itself indicates that whatever lurks in the basement must be quite extraordinary by comparison.
Sachar’s use of individual stories to create a cumulative effect is also seen in his approach to characterization. For example, as the stories combine to form a collective picture of Wayside School, each miniature narrative adds a bit more information about Mrs. Jewls, based on each protagonist’s experiences. Although Mrs. Jewls’s behavior in “A Package for Mrs. Jewls” is insensitive and strange, these traits are not the sum total of her personality, as is made clear in later stories. In “Bebe’s Baby Brother,” for example, Mrs. Jewls takes the time to phone Bebe’s mother because she is concerned about Bebe’s happiness. Likewise, in “Mark Miller,” Todd tells Benjamin that Mrs. Jewls is “the nicest teacher in the school” (9). In the instances in which Mrs. Jewls plays the part of an unwitting antagonist, her behavior is not designed to brand her a villain but to further the development of other characters in the story. For example, when she immediately criticizes Todd for talking in class, this injustice is meant to be ironic, but it is also a part of a cumulative characterization of Todd as a nice but misunderstood boy who cannot find a way to gain approval from Mrs. Jewls.
Each story is quite brief; most are only about seven pages long and focus on one small incident in the school life of one particular character. However, when the stories are read together, common themes emerge, the most notable of which is The Importance of Embracing Life’s Absurdities. This element is quickly established with Louis’s delivery of the heavy package in the first story, for Mrs. Jewls’s decision to drop a valuable new computer from the 30th floor to help her students understand the concept of gravity upends all expectations for how a school-themed story should function. By resetting readers’ expectations from the outset, Sachar creates a chaotic world in which anything becomes possible and standard chains of logic no longer hold true.
Sachar’s dedication to imbuing his narratives with a sense of the ridiculous continues in “Bebe’s Baby Brother” when Mrs. Jewls rewards Bebe with good grades and candy after seeing the mean comments written on the girl’s homework. The theme of absurdity is also developed when a student invites a “hobo” to show-and-tell and when Leslie uses her pigtails to rescue Paul. Despite the bizarre goings-on at Wayside School, however, most of the characters are unperturbed by the absurdity; indeed, they cheerfully embrace it, seeing these occurrences as normal. Even Todd does not mind constantly being in trouble despite his good intentions; he is the one who calls Mrs. Jewls the “nicest teacher.” Likewise, Mrs. Jewls herself is unfazed when one of her students brings an unknown adult man into her classroom for show-and-tell; she simply uses the occasion as another learning opportunity.
The absurdity of life at Wayside comes in part from the eccentricities of the characters. Children and adults alike are allowed to express their opinions, make unusual personal choices, and deal with the consequences of these choices. Mrs. Jewls does not punish the children for their personal stories and digressions in “Homework”; By assigning extra homework, she simply allows them to experience the natural consequences of distracting her from the lesson. Myron yearns for even more freedom than the other children, and he gets what he wants in the story “Freedom” by signing the mysterious document in the basement. At the end of the story, he is not suffering for this choice—he is “free” and sitting where he wants to sit: on the classroom floor. This expansive approach to life also extends to Bob, an adult who has rejected society’s expectations and chosen a life of freedom riding the rails and eating mulligan stew. The only character who is genuinely distressed in this section is poor Benjamin Nushmutt, who has made the mistake of failing to embrace his identity. Taken together, these stories are clearly Celebrating Individuality and Nonconformity and endorsing The Yearning for Freedom as a natural part of being human.
By Louis Sachar