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44 pages 1 hour read

Michael Lewis

The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds

Nonfiction | Biography | Adult | Published in 2016

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Chapter 12-CodaChapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 12 Summary: “This Cloud of Possibility”

The book’s final chapter opens with Amos receiving a MacArthur “genius” grant. After receiving the award, a friend of Amos’s recalled, “He was pissed. He said, ‘What are these people thinking? How can they give a prize to just one of a winning pair? Do they not realize they are dealing the collaboration a death blow?’” (313). This trend of organizations remembering and recognizing Amos but forgetting or leaving out Danny continued, and Danny inevitably noticed. He admitted to his frustration, saying, “You get fed up with not being invited to the same conferences, even when you would not want to go” (316).

Their final work together was not one last stroke of genius, one last amendment or addendum to their research on heuristics or subjective probability. Instead, at Amos’s insistent request, it was a letter sent in response to their fiercest critic, a German psychologist named Gerd Gigerenzer. Amos wanted to destroy Gigerenzer. It was during this back-and-forth that Danny finally had enough, especially after Amos refused to put Danny’s name forth for the National Academy of Sciences, to which Amos had already belonged for years. Danny walked away from the friendship, a de facto divorce, ending a productive collaboration that had lasted more than a decade.

Three days later, Amos called Danny to tell him that his body was riddled with cancer and that he had, at best, six months to live. Danny was the second person Amos had called.

Coda Summary: “Bora-Bora”

This section discusses the enduring legacy of Danny and Amos’s work, despite the fact that their collaboration ended prematurely. Their work impacted men like Cass Sunstein, for instance, a lawyer who worked in the White House during the Obama administration. Sunstein’s own work was unified by the influence of Danny and Amos’s research. Lewis also brings back Donald Redelmeier, who continued to hear Amos’s voice in his head while working as a medical doctor in Canada, where he pioneered changes to the ways that cell phones in cars were regulated. Lewis then shifts to Amos’s final days. He hadn’t told anyone he was dying, not really. He did not want to make a spectacle of his last days. When the time for his funeral came, Danny was chosen to deliver the eulogy, a final acknowledgment of the fruitfulness of their joint work. Six years after Amos passed away, Danny was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics.

Chapter 12-Coda Analysis

In the final chapter and the Coda, Lewis juxtaposes Danny and Amos’s professional legacy with the tumultuous days leading up to their final “collaboration,” a letter to their fiercest critic.

After countless organizations had recognized and honored Amos, Danny was later honored by the Nobel committee. The Nobel is not awarded posthumously, so Danny would be “stuck” with the credit of their work. Lewis is careful to respect the memory of Amos while also pointing out his (and Danny’s) flaws. Lewis avoids sentimentality while also paying tribute to one of the strongest professional partnerships of the 20th century, in a field that very few people are aware of.

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