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Louise PennyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The next day, Myrna and Clara board the train to Toronto. Myrna asks Clara if she wants to rekindle a relationship with Peter. Clara says that she does not know but feels responsible for finding out what happened to him. She worries that, if something terrible has happened, it is her fault for forcing him to leave Three Pines. Myrna counters with an allusion to W. Somerset Maugham’s fable “Appointment in Samarra,” suggesting that death is inescapable.
Once they arrive in Toronto, Myrna and Clara meet with Peter’s brother, Thomas Morrow, at his office. Thomas is wealthy and successful, appearing like “a monarch, surrounding himself with the symbols of power, hoping to disguise his own weakness” (73). He is uninterested in what might have happened to his brother and says that he never saw Peter in Toronto, suggesting that Peter probably spent his time visiting galleries instead. After they leave, Clara tells Myrna that she does not think Thomas was lying.
Clara and Myrna return to their hotel for drinks. Clara asks Myrna for reassurance that Peter is safe, and Myrna tells her friend that, while her husband is most likely fine, whatever happened to him is not her fault. As she points out, “Peter’s life is his. Stay in the marketplace. Go to Samarra. His fate. Not yours” (77).
The two women next meet with Peter’s sister Marianna, a poet and one of Peter’s more rebellious siblings. Marianna is surprised that Peter is not with Clara. She explains that she had dinner with Peter once the previous winter but had no idea that he was missing or that he and Clara had separated. Marianna explains that during Peter’s stay, he had visited galleries as well as the art college where he studied decades earlier. She suggests that Myrna and Clara have dinner at her home.
Marianna is the mother of a young child named Bean. Because she has a difficult relationship with her parents, Marianna has never disclosed Bean’s gender, using this strategy to punish her family. Bean is now about 12 and appears androgynous. During their visit, Bean shows Myrna and Clara some art tacked to the walls, and both are struck by the somewhat grotesque paintings and the lack of artistic talent Bean displays.
Meanwhile, in Three Pines, Gamache and Reine-Marie have begun researching Scotland, trying to figure out why Peter might have visited. They do not come up with any ideas, and they are also puzzled by his choice of neighborhood during the time he resided in Paris. It occurs to Gamache that a local resident, Vincent Gilbert, stayed in a similar neighborhood during the time he lived in Paris, and Gamache suggests that he and Jean-Guy meet with Vincent the following day.
In Toronto, Clara and Myrna visit many galleries but cannot find anyone who has seen Peter. They stop by the Ontario College of Canadian Arts, where Peter and Clara first met as students 30 years ago. The receptionist mentions that Peter had indeed visited and that he met with one of his former professors, Paul Massey, who is still teaching. Clara also goes to speak with Massey, who greets her warmly and congratulates her on her success. Clara admits to Massey that Peter is missing and tells him the whole story.
Massey reflects on watching Peter and Clara fall in love while they were students. Peter was immensely popular and talented, so it surprised many that he chose to date someone who was not considered particularly talented. Clara recalls feeling protected when Peter stood up for her, even if others mocked her and her work. For example, Clara’s pieces had been included in a mocking exhibit known as the Salon des Refusés, designed to highlight and humiliate untalented students. Clara recalls that “Peter came over, and he stood beside me. He didn’t say anything, he just stood there. For all to see” (94).
Massey does not know why Peter would have gone to Scotland. He suggests that Clara focus on her own life and career and trust that Peter will come back to her if it is meant to be. He offers Clara a job teaching at the college, and she promises to think about it. Clara and Myrna take the train home from Toronto. Clara is growing increasingly afraid that Peter may be dead, and Myrna is secretly convinced of the same thing.
Meanwhile, Gamache and Jean-Guy have gone to visit Vincent, who lives in an isolated cabin in the woods near Three Pines. Vincent is surprised to learn that Peter has vanished since he thought Peter and Clara had a close and loving relationship. Vincent does not think he ever told Peter about the neighborhood where he lived in Paris, but he admits that Peter could have overheard him talking about it.
As Gamache and Jean-Guy journey home from Vincent’s cabin, Gamache continues to dwell on why Peter chose to live in a dull and uninspiring neighborhood in Paris when he was artistically inclined and had the money to live somewhere fashionable.
Home in Three Pines, Clara meets with Gamache, Reine-Marie, Jean-Guy, and Myrna. Jean-Guy has asked permission to stay in Three Pines and focus on helping Gamache find Peter, even though he misses his wife. Gamache tells them that while they were initially fixated on Peter’s surprising choice to travel to Scotland, he is now more interested in the location of Peter’s Paris residence. Gamache suspects that Peter and Vincent may have been drawn to the same thing: a charitable community known as La Porte, established to serve individuals with Down’s syndrome. The organization was founded by a priest named Frere Albert, and Vincent had gone there to volunteer as medical director after the end of his marriage.
Knowing that Peter had been grappling with feelings of purposelessness and meaningless, Gamache wonders if he went there as well. As Clara speculates, “Peter went to Paris not to find a new artistic voice. It was simpler than that. He wanted to find a way to be useful” (106). Gamache has already reached out to the organization to confirm whether Peter had been there.
The group moves to Olivier and Gabri’s bistro for a late dinner, where they are joined by Ruth. Clara tells them about meeting Thomas, Marianna, and Bean in Toronto. Clara talks a bit about her experience with painting, including references to one of her famous pieces: a portrait depicting Ruth as the Virgin Mary. While Ruth is withered and unattractive, her expression in the painting holds a gleam of hope that many viewers find extremely moving.
Clara and Myrna share that they learned Peter had visited his college and his old professor, and Myrna speculates that Peter may have been feeling nostalgic for his youth. She points out that “art college was a magical time for him, so in his distress, he was drawn back to the place where good things happened” (112).
Clara reminisces about her difficult experiences as an art student when she was often made to me feel untalented. Clara speculates again about whether her husband is alive. In a somber mood, the group disbands to go to their various homes.
The next morning, Clara goes to the studio in her home to look at some of Peter’s paintings. Meanwhile, Gamache sits on his bench and feels conflicted between wanting to help Clara and being hesitant to disrupt the peaceful life he is establishing. Gamache is also concerned because Jean-Guy has a history of addiction, and he worries that his son-in-law might relapse. At approximately the same moment, Gamache, Myrna, and Clara have flashes of insight into the case. Gamache and Myrna rush to Clara’s home.
After the previous night’s conversation about the artistic process, Clara, Gamache, and Myrna have all realized that the chaotic and exuberant paintings in Bean’s bedroom were most likely painted by Peter rather than the child. Tellingly, the paintings “were a mess, because they were the beginning. Peter’s first chaotic steps towards brilliance” (126).
Clara calls Marianna, who asks Bean, and Bean confirms that Peter painted the pictures, and sent them to her. Clara arranges for the paintings to be sent to Three Pines, since Gamache has not yet seen them, and they might contain clues about Peter’s fate. Gamache confirms that Peter did indeed spend several months volunteering at La Porte in Paris; he was likely inspired by Vincent’s transformative experience working there. However, it seems something else inspired Peter to try a completely new style of painting.
Gamache phones Scotland and speaks to Constable Stuart, a policeman in Dumfries. Stuart confirms that there is no reason an artist would want to come to Dumfries and promises to try to find out where Peter stayed and what he did during his time there. The next day, Peter’s paintings arrive from Toronto; Gamache, Reine-Marie, Myrna, Ruth, Gabri, and Jean-Guy gather at Clara’s home to look at them. Marianna notes that Peter gave Bean some of the paintings (the ones on paper) when he visited in the winter and mailed her the other ones (the ones on canvas) in May. The group inspects the paintings, looking for clues or insights into Peter’s state of mind. Ruth and Gabri quickly grow bored and leave but the others continue to ponder the paintings. Unfortunately, “instead of answering any questions, the paintings had created even more” (138).
Myrna asks Gamache if the investigation is getting to be too much for him. Gamache says that he is only investigating a missing person, not the brutal murders he formerly investigated. He admits that he would prefer to relax and enjoy his retirement but that he also feels a responsibility to help Clara. As Gamache explains, “What’s the use of healing, if the life that’s saved is callow and selfish and ruled by fear? There’s a difference between being in sanctuary and being in hiding” (146).
Clara reflects on why Peter might have chosen Bean as the recipient of the paintings. Myrna speculates that Peter feels a connection to Bean’s non-conformity and outsider status within the Morrow family and wanted to send Bean a message of approval and support. Clara disagrees, suggesting that Peter wanted to keep the paintings safe and trusted Bean (whose gender has been hidden) to keep his secret.
Ruth and Gamache meet at Ruth’s home, and he asks her about the creative process. Gamache thinks that since Ruth is a celebrated poet, she may have useful insight. After the conversation, Gamache continues to think about Peter’s paintings. They seem to signal some sort of change or transformation as well as a new willingness to take risks: “He wasn’t very good, yet. But if Peter kept trying, he’d get to where he wanted to be. This new Peter was willing to try. Willing to fail” (158).
Meanwhile, Clara talks with Olivier at the bistro. Since she knows that Peter and Olivier were good friends, she asks him directly if he knows where Peter went. Olivier insists that he has no idea and that he has not heard from Peter. Clara also asks Olivier about his experience being away from Three Pines and then returning. Olivier speaks about how much he missed his home but admits he felt unsure when he came back. From the outside, it seemed that the community had moved on without him, and he worried that it would reject him. Clara reassures Olivier that he was profoundly missed during his absence.
Gabri joins them and, as the three friends discuss the paintings (which Olivier has not yet seen), Clara has a sudden realization: While the paintings are grotesque and unrefined, they evoke a sense of happiness and playfulness that she has never seen in Peter’s art. She believes the paintings signal that Peter was happy during his absence from Three Pines and their home. Then, Gamache has a sudden flash of insight. He photographs Peter’s paintings and emails the photos to his contact in Scotland.
Due to the time difference from Scotland, Gamache gets up anxiously throughout the night to check his email. At one point, he notices that Jean-Guy is also awake. Gamache has shared his theory that Peter’s paintings might be landscapes from his time in Scotland, but he still does not know why Peter chose that location if he wanted to experiment with landscapes. Reine-Marie also wakes up and finds Jean-Guy and Gamache puzzling over a short email from Constable Stuart in Scotland. Stuart has simply responded with “It’s cosmic” (163).
The narrative flashes back to Stuart seeing the email arrive from Gamache. He is off duty and only opens it from idle curiosity. He is not interested in most of the paintings but one catches his eye, and he shows it to another local, Doug, who suggests that the location is close by. Early the next morning, Stuart drives to the locale and begins walking. He pauses to send an email to Gamache but then slips, falls, and slides down a hillside. He lands in a mysterious and haunting place that has “its own reality, its own space and time” and begins snapping photos (166). It is the place Peter depicted in his painting.
Gamache receives the photos from Stuart following up on the strange email. At first, Gamache, Jean-Guy, and Reine-Marie are not sure what the photos depict, but they recognize similarities to Peter’s paintings. After some research, they realize that the photos show the Garden of Cosmic Speculation. The garden was created to play with concepts from art and physics and is world-renowned as a special and mystical place. The garden is private and open to the public only on one Sunday in May. However, Peter had been back in Canada by May, so he must have visited illicitly. This fact is notable because Peter typically “did as he was told and taught. It was not in his nature to trespass” (174).
They hurry to Clara’s house to tell her what they have found. Clara speculates that this location caused some sort of transformation in Peter. This might explain why he chose to send the paintings to Bean but not why he then traveled to Toronto. Now that they know that some of the paintings depict landscapes, they become curious about the others and try turning them upside down, wondering if Bean might have hung them the wrong way. Once they do so, they immediately recognize what the paintings depict.
Meanwhile, in Scotland, Stuart has been questioning locals about the strange garden he found after falling down the hill. A local man named Alphonse explains that he sometimes sneaks into the garden to hunt rabbits. One night, he saw a group of rabbits and claims he saw them transform from rabbits into stone.
The second section of the novel develops the plot and builds suspense by introducing further information about Peter and his disappearance. Unlike a traditional murder mystery, where there would be a body and clues about the crime, the mystery at the heart of this novel is characterized by absence. Rather than looking at clues, Gamache and his companions delve into Peter’s psychology and inner world. They begin by tracing his past, looking to understand his childhood and family as well as his education at the art college. These inquires begin to reveal Peter’s character, providing information about why he may have vanished.
Peter is presented as an ambivalent character, who is spoiled, selfish, and ungrateful but also stunted by growing up in a cold and manipulative family. Penny creates empathy for Peter’s lack of support for Clara by showing that members of his family did not love and care for one another. Gamache’s conversation with Peter’s mother helps him understand that Peter “was in the cave after all. Dragged there by a smiling, twinkling creature. And eviscerated” (58). This characterization of Peter’s mother as monstrous, cruel, and consuming provides insight into how Peter could have ended up as jealous and selfish as he did.
The visit to the art college and the conversation with Massey are presented as innocuous explorations of another aspect of Peter’s past, cleverly setting the stage for what will later become a very significant aspect of the plot. Although Massey will later be revealed as the villain, he is introduced as a seemingly benign character. Penny does plant subtle clues that can subsequently be seen as attempts to stop the search for Peter (since Massey knows the investigation could prompt the discovery of his crimes). For example, Massey encourages Clara to stop searching for Peter and focus on her own life and career. He tells her to “trust that he’ll meet you there, when he’s found what he’s looking for” (94). On the surface, the comment seems like a gesture of solidarity and support, perhaps an acknowledgment that Clara deserves better than Peter. The comment is, however, a subtle clue about Massey’s destructive and antisocial tendencies; he is ready to give up on someone rather than look for them.
In addition to advancing the plot, this section develops key themes. Artistic jealousy and bitterness over a lack of talent is a central theme in the novel, introduced when Clara explained why her marriage was failing and why she and Peter decided to separate. The backstory of Clara’s experience at art school provides additional nuance to this theme: Clara was considered a failure as an artist, and even publicly mocked for her lack of talent. While these experiences were hurtful, she never became bitter or violent, unlike Peter and Massey when they faced similar rejection. Clara’s initial lack of success, and her ability to continue creating nonetheless, led to her eventual success. Ruth explains that Clara’s early works were “ahead of your time. The rest just needed to catch up. You didn’t need rescuing. You weren’t lost. You were exploring” (113). Although Ruth is speaking about Clara’s art, her language is powerfully resonant with the quest to find Peter, who does seem to be lost and in need of rescuing, presumably because he lacks Clara’s resilience.
Penny suggests that artists who are initially deemed failures can go on to success. (Significantly, she was 47 when she published her first novel). This theme is further developed through the revelation that the paintings initially assumed to have been painted by Bean are Peter’s work. The paintings indicate that Peter has artistically regressed to a childish and unrefined state, abandoning the technical finesse that previously characterized his style. Because Peter’s artistic growth has been stunted, leaving him unable to progress and grow, it seems that he returned to child-like art, symbolically “re-doing” his artistic growth. Clara’s career, while seemingly less smooth, allowed her to move through this important period of producing art deemed ugly, and she has now progressed to creating truly mature work. The narrator comments that “the worse [Clara’s] paintings looked at first, the better they seemed to turn out” (108), developing the theme that success requires boldness, risk, and the courage to fail.
The plotline initiated by the discovery of the paintings in Bean’s room also introduces the theme of misunderstanding and mistakes, which drives the plot forward and ultimately sets the stage for the novel’s climax. Myrna, Clara, and others first mistake who painted the images (assuming it was Bean before realizing it was Peter) and then mistake what the paintings depict (assuming they are abstract rather than landscapes depicting identifiable locations). They also mistake the proper orientation of the paintings, and it is only when they turn the paintings upside down (which is right side up) that they uncover a vital clue that moves the investigation forward. As soon as the painting is reoriented, Gamache remarks, “I know this place” (180), revealing that key clues to solving the mystery were never far away although tantalizingly out of reach.
Inverting the paintings symbolically reflects the need to look at a case from every angle and never make assumptions. Gamache and the others become disoriented and confused when looking at the paintings because there is no signature to guide them; this moment foreshadows and symbolizes how confusion about identity and authorship will delay the resolution of the mystery. Red herrings, such as the subplot about Vincent Gilbert and La Porte, also deepen suspense by introducing complexity and leaving readers to wonder what other factors might have impacted Peter’s disappearance.
This section highlights Penny’s use of two important literary techniques. Ekphrasis refers to visual art being represented in a literary form; so, a poem that describes a sculpture or painting would be an example of ekphrasis (John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn” is a famous example). Penny uses one art form (literature) to describe another (painting), creating an interesting tension wherein readers must try to imagine the paintings being described in the novel. Many examples of ekphrasis refer to real works of art, while Penny uses literature to describe mostly fictional artworks that exist only within the world of the novel. However, there will later be examples of ekphrastic representation of actual paintings by artists such as Clarence Gagnon and Tom Thompson.
Ekphrasis deepens the immersion in the fictional world of the novel, inviting readers to imagine the paintings that Gamache and others are scrutinizing so closely. The descriptions are often quite vague or metaphorical, leaving room for someone to imagine just what it is the characters are looking at. For example, after Peter’s painting of the river is reoriented, readers learn that “the slashes of vivid color had become a wide and turbulent river. The bold red lips had become waves” (180). Penny provides just enough detail for readers to compose the painting in their mind but leaves enough room for each reader to become a participant in the creative process.
Allusions are also prominent in the novel, functioning as a parallel to ekphrasis by referring to other works of literature, rather than to works of visual art. “The Appointment in Samarra” is a short, cryptic fable by W. Somerset Maugham that becomes an important allusion in the novel, contributing to a macabre and suspenseful mood. Thus far, there is no reason to suspect that anything bad has happened to Peter, but the introduction of this allusion foreshadows Peter’s death or the death of a different character. Penny also alludes to Gilead, a 2004 novel by Marilynne Robinson. While Clara is mistaken in guessing that this is the book Gamache reads every morning, the reference to Robinson’s novel introduces the theme of courage, which will appear repeatedly as characters try to understand to what extent Peter can be considered a brave man.
While not referenced as explicitly, the plot structure also alludes to the classical epic Odyssey, in which a king named Odysseus faces many obstacles while attempting to return home to his beloved wife, Penelope. Penny’s novel alludes to but also adapts this ancient story by leaving it unclear whether Peter is trying to get home and giving Clara an active role in reuniting with her husband (in contrast with Penelope’s more passive role of waiting for her husband to return).
By Louise Penny
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