43 pages • 1 hour read
Katherine RundellA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Fred sits in the cockpit of a six-seat airplane beside the elderly pilot. The plane flies over the Amazon River on the way to the city of Manaus, Brazil. The other passengers are all children like Fred. As night falls, the pilot starts burping and heaving, suddenly unable to breathe. The pilot loses control of the plane but manages to turn the engine off, sending the plane hurtling toward the ground. The pilot then slumps over in his seat, apparently dead.
Covered in bruises, burns, and cuts, Fred runs through the jungle calling out and receiving no reply beyond the roaring fire of the airplane and the thunder above. Fred is terrified but does not panic, instead searching everywhere for anyone else who may have survived the crash. A voice calls out to Fred suddenly, telling him to get away. Fred is at first mystified by the seemingly supernatural voice, but he quickly realizes it’s the other passengers from the plane. Lila, her younger brother Max, and Constantia (who goes by Con) come out of some bushes, badly injured like Fred. Fred asks if they’re okay, and Constantia snaps back at him sarcastically, clearly afraid for her life. Max clings to his sister and cries. When a snake approaches the group, they run in the opposite direction. Max panics and refuses to run any further, so Fred carries him on his back. When the group reaches a clearing, they realize the snake isn’t chasing them. Fred comes across some water on the ground and attempts to drink it, but it’s rancid. Lila notes that thinking becomes easier after sleep (something she learned from her scientist parents), and the group reluctantly lies down to rest in the wet grass.
Fred awakes the next morning hot and disappointed that the day before wasn’t a dream. He notices Max isn’t nearby and starts yelling for him, but finds him moments later lying next to the rotting water. Max screams when he sees Fred, clearly still in shock, and Fred offers Max a wet mint from his pocket to help him calm down. Con and Lila begin arguing about whether to go back to the plane or stay in the clearing, and Fred notices a group of trees at the edge of the clearing that appear to be leaning on each other. He runs toward it and discovers that it’s a makeshift den covered in mushrooms and ferns. Fred goes inside and finds the remains of a leaf bed and some old, carved flints now covered in moss. When the others join Fred, they disagree over whether to stay in the den or not. Con opposes everything the rest of the group wants, still intent on returning to the plane and now terrified that whoever made the den will return and kill her. Despite Con’s protests, the rest of the group decides the den is the best place to be until they figure out their next steps, and Con reluctantly starts helping to clear it out.
The group gets to work improving the den by collecting large leaves to secure it as a tight shelter. Fred feels a sense of pride when the job is complete. Fred recently contracted pneumonia, and his father, unable to care for him during his illness, sent him to Brazil to live with a cousin. As a result of this perceived rejection, Fred is eager to prove that he is as capable as any other boy of his age. Fred was always called sensible by his teachers, and he wants to prove that he can also be brave and adventurous. When Fred gets out of the den, he feels dizzy and sees colors, but ignores it.
As the group searches for water, Fred suggests following the ants—something he learned in one of many explorer books he read while sick. The first colony of ants they find leads the group nowhere, but Lila finds a larger type of ant whose trail leads to the Amazon River. Along the way, Con tells Fred that she doesn’t want to make friends and there’s no need to be nice to her. At the river, the group quickly measures their risk and then Fred jumps in, swallowing gulps of muddy water and soothing his burns. Con is the most hesitant but eventually walks into the water. The group doesn’t swim for long before Fred sees a piranha, and everyone panics. Out of the water, Lila remembers that piranhas don’t bother humans unless they sense blood. The group heads back to their den, and Fred feels that same sense of accomplishment he felt before, along with a sense of hope that they may actually survive. He starts to wonder if he has a concussion.
Fred and the others are starving. Fred recalls reading about bugs and how the ones who eat cocoa pods are safe for humans to consume. Lila confirms this by running off into the jungle to gather pods and bring them back. She encourages Fred to eat a large grub that falls out of one of the pods, and he reluctantly does so, finding it tastes like “peanuts and dirt” (47). Max refuses to try them, and Fred suggests frying them on a stone along with the cocoa beans to make makeshift chocolate pancakes.
Fred gathers kindling while Lila finds some dry moss and Con grabs the flints from inside the den to start a fire. She asks to be the one to light it, having never done so before. The only steel that anyone has is Fred’s watch, which is the only gift his father ever gave him. It broke in the crash, but he still wears it. Fred doesn’t want to give up his watch at first, but he does so as he realizes they have no other option. Con strikes the flints above the pile of kindling and steel until she bleeds, but eventually creates a spark and gets the fire going. Fred finds a stone on which to cook the bug and cocoa bean mixture. The result is a flat piece of food that tastes horrid but is far better than starving. The kids decide to designate an area for a bathroom, and they laugh together about it.
Fred has the idea to build a raft and float down the river until it leads to somewhere that can help. Lila likes the idea, as does Max, but Con is terrified by the thought of leaving the area and floating aimlessly down the river. While the others gather logs and vines, Con stands reluctantly by. Several hours pass before she finally gives in and begins helping, but she does so with a sullen attitude. At dusk, Con finds a tree filled with acai berries. Everyone spends the night gorging on them and then suffers horrible stomach aches through their sleep. In the morning, Fred wakes up, eager to finish the raft despite his aching gut. Using the vines as rope, Fred weaves and ties them between the logs. When it’s complete, Fred stands in pride, wishing his father were there to see his accomplishment.
Lila is angry to see Fred return from the river having not told anyone where he went, but Fred is too distracted by the fact that the raft is finished. Lila carves some twigs into makeshift toothbrushes and gives everyone one, and then the group sets off toward the water. Fred suggests taking the raft a little way down the river to test its strength, and Lila agrees, feeling both nervous and curious. Con is sure it’s a terrible idea but goes along with the group anyway. Fred is the first to dive into the water, followed by Max and the girls. The raft proves able to float with all four people on it, although it does sink slightly when the water rushes past. Fred uses a log as a pole to navigate down the river as Con volunteers to remember which direction the raft takes. Near some seaweed, Fred spots something silver and shiny in the water below and decides to dive in after it. He comes back up just as Lila and Con spot a huge electric eel swimming toward him. Fred rushes onto the raft just in time, revealing an old sardine tin. Con is disappointed by the find, but Fred notes its jagged edges and the rarity of finding it so far away from everything.
When the group gets back to the original place they left in the raft, they discover a branch conveniently hanging over the water that is perfect for tying the raft. Fred notices that it appears to have been placed there by human hands, and on the walk back to the den, he thinks he hears something in the bushes behind him but dismisses it. At the camp, Fred blows the embers back into a fire and Lila looks at the sardine tin, which Fred points out is from Plymouth, England. He enjoys having a piece of home with him and believes it might belong to the same person who made the mooring over the river. Fred tells the others about some of the famous Amazon explorers that he read about, like Percy Fawcett, Christopher Maclaren, and Hiram Bingham, who was the first non-Peruvian to discover Machu Picchu. Later, Fred goes off in search of more wood for the fire and finds a pineapple tree. Thrilled, he grabs four pineapples and rushes back to camp. The group gorges on the pineapples and Lila cuts one up for breakfast the next day.
The exposition of The Explorer introduces four of the five characters in the story, leaving the titular explorer’s existence a mystery until about halfway through the novel. The focus in the early days after the crash is on the children, their ability to survive, and their willingness to communicate and get along as a team. Fred is the only character named early on, as the story is written from a third-person limited perspective. Only what Fred sees and hears is known, which limits the reader’s understanding of what is going on and mirrors Fred’s confused state when the plane crashes. Fred’s flaws are on full display, as are his thoughts about his father and his desire to impress the man who raised him. Fred’s backstory is briefly explained to provide context about what motivates Fred and why he has such a strong desire to prove himself. Fred’s previous reputation as “sensible” and obedient is one that he feels holds him back from realizing his potential. Unlike the other children, Fred looks at his situation with optimism and sees it as a chance to experience what he once thought he could only fantasize about. Fred’s love of exploration soon rubs off on the others, but at first, it is his alone: “Something in Fred was beginning to glow: under the sun, and the cry of the birds, and the expanse of vivid green around them. It was huge, and dizzying. It felt like hope” (41). In direct contrast with Fred is Con, who at first only wants to go home and is reluctant to try strange food or leave the crash site. Fred is set on finding a way to Manaus—a city in Brazil—no matter what it takes, and the others begin to trust his courage and optimism.
In the first few hours of being stranded together, the group dynamic is one of mistrust, conflict, and fear. Con is almost certain that the group should stay by the plane, while Fred and Lila insist on trying to find a way back to Manaus. Fred attempts to be a leader, but Lila and Con each have their own ways of doing things and their own motivations, and there is little unity in the group. Max is openly belligerent and spiteful toward Fred at first, particularly when Fred tries to tell him what to do. Lila and Con also butt heads because Lila is more rational and level-headed while Con is driven by emotion and is generally abrasive in her communication style. A moment of levity finally comes when Con manages to light the group’s first fire. It is a symbolic moment that represents the beginnings of teamwork and group cohesion, as well as Perseverance and the Drive to Survive, as Fred sacrifices the watch his father gave him, and Con keeps striking the flint until her fingers bleed. Being out in the wild starts to bring the children out of their shells, as Fred engages in daring acts like diving into the Amazon River and drinking muddy water, Con starts volunteering to help, and Lila proves to have a wealth of biological knowledge. As the group begins to work together, they also begin discovering hints of human presence, including a sardine tin and a human-crafted den. These discoveries foreshadow the eventual meeting with the explorer.
Rundell personifies the rainforest, having the forest “respond” with its fury when Fred calls out moments after the crash. When the snake approaches the children’s camp, Rundell compares the forest itself to a snake, coiled and waiting to strike. Rundell uses graphic, often disturbing descriptions of injuries and unappetizing food, adding to the realism and true sense of survival that flows throughout the story: “The hair on his arms had singed and smelled of eggs” (5). The purpose is to emphasize the severity of the situation: The children are lucky to have survived such a crash, and they will have to push themselves to their limits to stay alive in the wilderness. Descriptions of the jungle itself carry strong emotion behind them—not only fear but also the excitement and inspiration Fred feels while gazing up at the canopy or observing the river.