64 pages • 2 hours read
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As the novel opens, Cort is struggling to come to terms with the loss of the stable family he enjoyed as a child. He initially views his parents’ separation as a loss, but his perspective changes by the end of the novel. When his mother moves into town, Cort believes that this means she is out of his life. To process this loss, he becomes angry with her, even claiming that he does not want to see her again. Although he still lives with his father, he experiences both physical and emotional loss with him: His father is either absent, trying to win Cort’s mother back, or distracted by thinking about her. Cort’s close relationship with his father is dissolving.
Because of this disconnect, Cort also loses his relationship to the swamp: What was once a familiar place in which he shared many happy experiences with his father now becomes a place he resents. This becomes most apparent when Cort must survive in the swamp and comes to realize how dangerous it is, losing the childlike innocence of his previous understanding. Adding to this is the fear of losing Liza. Cort believes that all women are like his mother and do not want to be with a man who lives and works on the swamp. As a result, he is afraid of losing Liza even as he is starting to accept that he is attracted to her.
However, as he survives in the swamp against all the odds, his perspective changes. His anger and resentment towards his mother subdue as he recognizes that he does not have to categorize this situation as a loss; it can simply be a change. His father also recognizes that he has been neglecting his son and begins to make amends, apologizing for letting him down and starting to compromise more to build a stable life together. In this sense, Cort’s loss is again resolved as he rebuilds a close relationship. The same is true of his relationship with Liza. Having saved her life, she feels safe with him and does not want to move away, even inviting him to ask her to the school party. Having grown up through his ordeal, Cort acknowledges his feelings for her, and their relationship becomes stronger. In the end, the losses Cort experiences do not remain as losses: His relationships all evolve into something stronger and better, and Catfish returns home.
Cort has a conflicted sense of belonging in his home on the river. Growing up, he loved spending time out on the swamp and water with his father, learning his father’s skills, and immersing himself in the lifestyle of a river guide. In fact, his relationship to the swamp is very much tied to his father, and when he thinks of his father, he knows that the “swamp ran in his blood all the way back to our Creek Indian ancestors” (25). Cort used to take pride in this and enjoy sharing his knowledge of the swamp with Liza. It was all part of feeling secure in a home where he truly belonged.
However, when his mother left, this began to change. He now finds the experience of being out on the river with his distracted father to be isolating and lonely and even finds that his swamp knowledge is useless. A key part of this is recognizing that his mother left because of his father’s insistence on living this lifestyle, and Cort is increasingly afraid of the same thing happening to him. He worries that Liza will not want to be with him if he continues to live on a houseboat and spend his days out on the water.
This sense of no longer belonging or wanting to belong on the swamp is made worse by his experiences in the storm. Suddenly flooded with water and lashed by wind and rain, the familiar place where he grew up becomes unfamiliar and dangerous. As he confronts danger after danger, this new view of the swamp strengthens his belief that no one would want to be with a riverman like himself, and he abandons his sense of connection and belonging to the river.
However, he manages to resolve this conflict: His experiences have given him a new sense of maturity and independence, and his loved ones reassure him that he does not have to choose between living on the river and enjoying a “normal” life. Cort’s father making efforts to be less extreme and stubborn, and Liza saying that she does not want to move away from the river as long as Cort is there, help him to develop a new sense of belonging that is not as extreme as his father’s but still allows him to take pride that “the delta [is] in my blood” (208).
Responsibility is key to the characters’ development. Cort’s father has a responsibility to his son, to look after him, to make his care a key focus of his life. However, he has started to neglect that responsibility because he is so distracted by trying to win back Cort’s mother. This reaches its most extreme form when he fails to be there for Cort and the Stovall girls when the storm hits because he is too busy trying to support Cort’s mother. He has neglected his responsibilities so much that Cort must remind him that his mother is an adult, but he and the girls are children. With his father no longer meeting his responsibilities, Cort must take up the slack, having adult responsibilities forced upon him despite being only 13 years old.
These are extreme responsibilities, far beyond what a child should have to carry, and Cort resents his father for putting him in this position at such a young age. However, he does rise to the challenge, selflessly taking responsibility for the girls’ wellbeing and even taking pride in fulfilling such a duty. Through this, he experiences growth and development, becoming more adult in ways that help to shift his perspectives and relationships. However, this is still too extreme a shift, so he is relieved when his father returns and he can let go of his adult responsibilities again. He can return to a life in which he is more responsible than a child but does not have to carry the weight adults carry. The responsibility that is thrust upon Cort helps him to develop into a teenager and begin his journey to becoming an adult.
The novel can be seen as a coming-of-age story, showing Cort’s development from a child into a teenager beginning to journey towards adulthood. At the beginning, he is very much a child. With a child’s sense that the world revolves around him, he resents his mother for leaving and misses the care and stability he once enjoyed. However, he is then thrown into a situation in which he has far more responsibility than any child should have to carry, taking care of himself and the girls in a dangerous hurricane in a swamp. He rises to this challenge, which forces him towards adulthood and the adult tasks of caring for others.
When his father returns and lifts this burden from his shoulders, Cort is relieved to return to a more childlike state of having an adult take care of him. However, he has also changed through this experience, his views becoming more adult. He understands that his mother is only trying to be happy and that she has a right to do so. He forgives his father’s failings and begins to work with him to build a stable new life built on compromise. Even his childlike view of the swamp has changed. He previously saw it as a safe place, almost a playground, but seeing the dangerous underbelly of the place affects this. This change is most apparent when he wants to imagine that Elmo the bear saved him because they have a bond but cannot bring himself to do so. While he might interact with the swamp sometimes, he cannot control the natural world. At the end of the novel, Cort is neither an adult nor a child but has become a teenager, carrying some responsibilities but only those appropriate to someone of his age.
By Watt Key