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41 pages 1 hour read

Judy Blume

Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1972

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Themes

The Ambivalent Nature of Family Relationships

Peter is a mature, well-mannered oldest child who was displaced by the arrival of his raucous younger brother, Fudge. The toddler is a constant source of annoyance to Peter; he “messes up everything he sees” and reacts to frustration by throwing himself “flat on the floor and he screams” (6). Obsessed with imitating his older sibling, Fudge destroys Peter’s school project and ultimately eats his sibling’s beloved pet turtle. Peter is happy when his father disciplines the child, noting, “For once my brother got what he deserved. And I was glad!” (28). Mrs. Hatcher, overwhelmed by the child’s antics, frequently coopts Peter’s help in cajoling Fudge into better behavior. For example, she begs Peter to entertain Fudge by standing on his head to encourage the toddler to eat.

Peter’s frustration with his mother is evident on a number of occasions. He wonders whether she cares about him at all when Fudge destroys his school project under her watch. When she inappropriately blames him for Fudge’s playground accident, Peter tells Dribble, “She doesn’t even like me” (39). Conversely, he accepts her subsequent heartfelt apology. When Fudge spends hours in the emergency room after eating Dribble, Peter reflects, “Maybe he wasn’t such a bad little guy after all” (116). The author’s exploration of conflicted feelings regarding family members is useful to young readers. It may help them realize that their own sense of ambivalence toward parents and siblings is normal and commonplace.

The Importance of School

Young children spend the majority of their waking hours at school; it is of paramount importance not only academically, but also emotionally and socially. Supportive teachers like Mrs. Haver, who delights Peter by noting that his group did a “super” job, can buffer the impact of other stressors in young children’s lives. School in general provides this benefit to Peter, and his fourth-grade class is one of the three primary spheres that comprise his small world within his larger Manhattan environment, along with his family’s apartment and Central Park.

When Peter, Jimmy, and Sheila are assigned the transportation project, Peter is determined to perform well on this task. He describes the assignment in detail, noting that their “committee” is required to make “a booklet, a poster, and be ready to give an oral report” (70). He pursues this project with characteristic seriousness and diligence, borrowing seven library books on the subject to educate himself about “speed, traffic congestion and pollution” (71). Because Peter is a disciplined student, he enjoys and thrives under the compliments that accompany high achievement, and so he throws himself wholly into schoolwork and projects. School is one place where he does not have to compete with Fudge for attention, and it is very important to him.

The Healing Power of Love

The importance of supportive, attentive individuals both inside and outside the nuclear family is emphasized here. Peter sometimes suspects that his mother has abandoned him in favor of Fudge. He resents the fact that even his father allows Fudge to appear in a Toddle-Bike television commercial, when Peter had fantasized about the social status he might enjoy if his friends were to “turn on their sets and say, ‘Hey, look! There’s Peter’” (88). His frustrations with Fudge include disapproval of his frequent tantrums, embarrassment about his unruly behavior in public, and anger over his invasion of Peter’s personal space.

Conversely, this anger coexists with Peter’s realization that he is essentially and truly loved by his parents, his brother, and others outside the nuclear family. Henry Bevelheimer, the elevator operator, models a kind, professional work ethic to the boy; Grandma is a source of nurturance and fun; and, as detailed above, Mrs. Haver provides assurance and validation in the classroom. Peter looks forward to riding in the elevator because it offers the opportunity to talk to Henry, who “even knows I’m nine and in fourth grade” (4). Peter is excited to show Dribble to Henry when he brings the pet home from Jimmy’s party; Henry is intuitive enough to suspect that Mrs. Hatcher may not share her son’s enthusiasm for the turtle. Additionally, Henry is concerned and supportive when a clearly terrified Mrs. Hatcher requests that he help her get to the ground floor immediately to meet an ambulance when Fudge swallows Dribble. Peter respects Henry, noting that he is so intelligent that he knows all the building residents and the floor of their apartments.

Similarly, Peter’s grandmother is a great source of affection and support. She is not a fully realized character—the reader is merely aware that she provides Mrs. Hatcher babysitting assistance and helps with Fudge’s tumultuous third birthday party. Nonetheless, Peter notes in passing that she taught him how to stand on his head during an overnight stay at her apartment. She is clearly an alternate source of love and affection for Peter when his parents are overwhelmed by the debilitating task of rearing Fudge.

It is no surprise that Peter is such a conscientious, mature little boy himself, given the kind, warm community of individuals supporting him and the entire Hatcher family.

The Inequities of Professional Relationships

Mr. Hatcher is not proficient in the care of young children, but he loves his sons nonetheless. Peter notes that his father “spends a lot of time watching commercials on TV…because he’s in the advertising business” (6), and the boy experiences a sense of vicarious prestige as a result. The book is set in a bygone era, and Mr. Hatcher appears to have final say on all family matters.

Peter has an unhappy epiphany when he realizes that his father’s professional livelihood sometimes involves being treated with disrespect. The Yarbys own the Juicy-O beverage company, one of Mr. Hatcher’s clients. When they announce that they plan to visit New York City, he invites them to stay at his family’s apartment rather than a hotel. The visit goes poorly. The Yarbys are a childless couple who are appalled by Fudge’s antics, which include presenting Dribble to the fastidious Mrs. Yarby during dinner and decorating her suitcase with grocery store stamps. When she shrieks in dismay, Mr. Yarby yells, “HATCHER! […] Make him get that thing out of here” (17). This causes Peter to wonder why the client doesn’t address his father by his first name. On an unsophisticated level, Peter intuits that this constitutes a form of disrespect to an employee.

A similar incident occurs when Peter hears the owner of the Toddle-Bike company, Mr. Vincent, address his father in the same way. Mr. Vincent is insistent that Fudge appear in his company’s television commercial and threatens to withdraw his account from the ad agency if the child refuses to do so. Worried that his father will lose this account, as he did the Juicy-O account, due to Fudge’s behavior, Peter notes, “I don’t think he can afford that” (90). During these incidents, Peter sees his father treated disrespectfully and as a subordinate. They provide Peter an elementary understanding of the compromises adults make in the workplace, particularly when they must support a young family.

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