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34 pages 1 hour read

Robert Louis Stevenson

The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Fiction | Novella | Adult | Published in 1886

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Chapter 1Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “Story of the Door”

Mr. Utterson, a socially awkward yet kindly and lovable lawyer, enjoys taking Sunday walks through London with his distant cousin Mr. Enfield, a “well-known man about town” (48). On one such outing they come across a dark and dilapidated building in the Soho district, the sight of whose cellar door reminds Enfield of an odd experience he had early one morning. Returning home at three o’clock AM, Enfield witnessed a short, brutal-looking man collide with a little girl at a street corner and calmly trample over her body. A concerned crowd of people formed, a doctor was summoned for the girl (who was not seriously hurt), and Enfield forced the man to make monetary reparations to the girl’s family for the incident. The man then entered the very door Utterson and Enfield are now looking at, and a moment later stepped out with a check in the name of a well-known and respectable gentleman. Later that morning Enfield and the girl’s father went to the bank and verified that the check was genuine.

Enfield tells Utterson that he suspects that the culprit is blackmailing the respectable gentleman for “some of the capers of his youth” (52). As for the house, it is a curious and suspicious-looking place which seems to be only intermittently inhabited.

Enfield tells Utterson that the culprit’s name was Hyde and describes his appearance as “displeasing” and “down-right detestable” (53). Utterson realizes that he is acquainted with the gentleman whose check Hyde obtained. Feeling that they have already revealed too much and not wishing to damage any reputations, the two men vow never to say anything more of the incident. 

Chapter 1 Analysis

Stevenson settles into the narrative at a leisurely pace. Instead of dynamic action, the book opens with a ruminative description of Utterson. This establishes that he will be the central figure of the narrative, the “eye” through which we see most of the events. Utterson’s and Enfield’s promenade through London is equally relaxed. Stevenson introduces two relatively dull characters and an uneventful scene as a foil for the bizarre situations that will emerge later.

As the two friends come to Hyde’s house, the story properly begins. There is something strange and unsettling about this house, with its ramshackle façade, paucity of doors, closed windows, and unlived-in appearance. The strangeness of the house is symbolic of the strangeness of its inhabitant, Hyde. Utterson and Enfield are walking in Soho, known as one of the seedier areas of London at the time. It is a neighborhood where disreputable characters live, and criminal activity is likely to happen.

Chapter 1 also establishes the character of Hyde, not directly but through the memories and descriptions of Enfield. This will be Stevenson’s technique throughout the book; much information will be conveyed indirectly, through witnesses and multiple viewpoints. The fragmentary nature of the storytelling resembles a police report or journal entry, with a dreamlike gothic atmosphere that is hinted at in Enfield’s description: “I was coming home from some place at the end of the world, about three o’clock of a black winter morning…” (49). In fact, the entire story is triggered by Enfield’s hazy memory of that strange early-morning experience. 

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