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55 pages 1 hour read

Augusten Burroughs

Running With Scissors: A Memoir

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2002

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Symbols & Motifs

Psychiatry and Mental Health

Augusten’s home life as a child was dysfunctional and violent, and this eventually leads his mother to seek the help of a strange psychiatrist named Dr. Finch. Dierdre has always had a mental health condition and mood swings that overpower the family atmosphere. Dr. Finch advises her to divorce Norman, which she does, but this doesn’t seem to improve her state. Instead, Augusten notices that Dierdre slowly starts to seem faded and distant, her eyes glossed over. This comes to a head when Dierdre’s concern for Augusten reaches its lowest point and she abandons him, forcing him to live with the Finches. In the conclusion, Dierdre confesses that Dr. Finch was overmedicating her for years and that he not only took advantage of her financially and emotionally but also raped her at one point. Augusten immediately senses that Dr. Finch isn’t a normal doctor right, but it takes years for either him or his mother to realize just how damaging Dr. Finch’s practices truly were.

Dr. Finch is a psychiatrist who works out of his home and also houses several patients there. Some have lived with him for years yet don’t appear to be improving at all, such as Joranne, who has obsessive-compulsive disorder and never leaves her room. Moreover, Dr. Finch seems to have the effect of causing mental health conditions among his own family members. He’s abusive toward his wife, Agnes, who spends most of her waking hours sweeping the same spot and appears to be held up only by her broom. Dr. Finch’s children, some of whom are biological and some who aren’t, are allowed to do whatever they want, including choosing their own guardians. This leads Natalie to live with an abusive 41-year-old man for several years as a teenager, as she wasn’t old enough to make a wise decision for herself. It also leads to household squalor and chaos, as Dr. Finch seems completely unfazed by the mess and the sheer dilapidated state of the home, even encouraging it. Additionally, Dr. Finch uses unconventional methods of treatment, such as overmedication, isolation, and moving patients away from their family to motels. All these strategies do harm to Dierdre, whose mental health slowly deteriorates until she almost loses touch with reality. Not until she meets Winnie, who senses that Dierdre is in an abusive situation and steps in to help, does Dierdre finally begin to recover and return to her normal self.

Dierdre’s mental health condition has a detrimental effect on Augusten, who constantly worries about his mother. Growing up, he’s exposed to her moods and the violent altercations between her and Norman. He also worries whether he’ll turn out like her, particularly if he allows himself to become a writer. Augusten sees himself as more stable than the other people in his life but still fears a darker side of himself that seems to thrive on chaos:

There was a part of me that enjoyed hating school, and the drama of not going, the potential consequences whatever they were. I was intrigued by the unknown. I was even slightly thrilled that my mother was such a mess. Had I become addicted to crisis? I traced my finger along the windowsill. Want something normal, want something normal, want something normal, I told myself (124).

Sexuality

Content Warning: This section features graphic depictions of sexual assault of a minor.

Sexuality is an important motif in Running with Scissors that serves as a characterization device while also acting as a catalyst for Augusten’s growth as he experiences adolescence. Augusten grows up in an unhappy home with parents who despise one another and aren’t romantically close. He doesn’t attend school often growing up, and when he does, he avoids his peers as much as possible. For these reasons, Augusten has little exposure to sexuality and romance as a child and has no point of reference when he’s thrust into the Finch home at age 12. When it was first published in 2002, Running with Scissors broke through conventions and societal norms surrounding sexuality by featuring a gay protagonist. While it wasn’t the first book to do this, it did so in an extremely blatant and honest way. Augusten is relatively casual about his own sexuality and notes that he always knew he was gay: “The fact that I was gay had never been a big deal to me—I’d known all my life” (69). It never presents as a problem in his life because of his lack of involvement in school and his mother’s casual attitude about it, so Augusten grew up without worrying about being gay. Instead, he enters adolescence confident in who he is but completely without experience or knowledge of what lies ahead.

Although Augusten regularly remarks on feeling much more mature than his age, this is a common feeling among teenagers and is more likely the result of unreliable narration and the narcissism of adolescence. As Augusten spends more time with the Finches, he’s introduced to their older, adopted brother Neil Bookman. Neil was a previous patient of Dr. Finch’s who was later adopted by him but then defected from the family because of its dysfunction. Neil is 33 when he meets 13-year-old Augusten, and Neil’s own dysfunction as a person becomes almost immediately clear. He seems abnormally friendly at first, and before long he sexually assaults Augusten, saying, “That’s what gay men do” (113). Augusten feels trapped and in pain because of the experience, but something about Neil makes Augusten want him around. Augusten relishes the compliments and attention he gets from Neil, and is too naive to fully understand the nature of the situation. The two develop an abusive and co-dependent relationship that lasts for a couple of years before Neil disappears, never to be heard from again. Augusten’s relationship with Neil forever changes him and serves as a reference point for what he knows to avoid in the future. Reflecting on this toxicity later in life, Augusten realizes that Neil’s attention and neediness were like a sickness:

I liked his attention. But I also felt like there was something sick and wrong about it Like it might make me sick later. I thought of my grandmother, my father’s mother. How when I used to visit her in Georgia she would always let me eat all the cookies and frozen egg rolls I wanted. ‘Go ahead, sweetheart, there’s more,’ she would say. And it seemed okay because she was a grown-up, and I wanted all the Chips Ahoy! Cookies in the bag. But I always ended up feeling extremely sick afterward (196-97).

Augusten’s mother experiences a sort of sexual awakening too after meeting Dr. Finch. On one of their early visits with him, Dr. Finch explains that he has a “Masturbatorium” that he uses in between patients. Dr. Finch soon shows that he has an obsession with sex: He has several mistresses and later assaults Dierdre while she’s in a poor state of mind. Dierdre divorces her husband and begins dating women instead, the first of whom is a minister’s wife. At one point, Augusten walks in on them engaged in oral sex, and Dierdre’s mother cites her fight against oppression as a woman as the reason for her newly developed casual attitude toward sex. Dierdre then meets Dorothy, an 18-year-old patient of Dr. Finch’s who becomes more like her pet than her partner. Dorothy does everything for Dierdre and defends her actions even at her worst. Ultimately, Augusten’s exposure to sexuality as a teen is awkward at best and harmful at worst, but he thinks that he developed a hardened skin after living his entire life in chaos and thus remains relatively unhindered by these experiences.

Cleanliness and Filth

Cleanliness and filth serve as important symbols of the juxtaposition between Augusten and the Finches—and between stability and instability. Augusten paints himself as the most normal member of the Finch household but also occasionally worries that he may someday end up with an illness like his mother has. He spends the first few chapters describing his early childhood and his obsession with cleanliness and shiny things. Augusten spent hours shining coins, rings, and other objects made of metal, often to the point of wearing them away. He reflects on this habit, realizing that it was his way of coping with his family life: “I could polish my 14k gold-plated signet ring with a Q-tip until the gold plating wore off even if I couldn’t stop my parents from throwing John Updike novels at each other’s heads” (19). Augusten feels in control when he’s clean or cleaning something else, and it calms him amid the chaos. In addition, he’s deeply concerned about his appearance, regularly dying his hair and even musing for a few years about owning a hair product empire.

When Augusten starts visiting the Finches, he’s initially in total shock about the state of their home. He describes the way that roaches climb around in the kitchen, furniture is upturned and out of use, and there is a mess everywhere. Augusten doubts that a doctor lives in the house, and he isn’t wrong about the unconventional nature of Dr. Finch and his family. Although he frames it from a humorous and often sarcastic perspective, the reality is that the Finch family is deeply neglected and dysfunctional, and the mess around them is a physical representation of this. Augusten learns this as he spends time with them and eventually moves in. As the months pass, he notices that dishes go unwashed for months and a Christmas tree remains up until May. When he and Natalie break a hole in the ceiling to install a skylight, leaving a gaping hole, nobody seems to mind, and Augusten learns to embrace the turmoil because he has no choice. In the novel’s conclusion, he sits in a restaurant with Natalie and muses about how their lives have been shaped by their ability to run headfirst into the chaos and become part of it: “We’re running alright. Running with scissors” (290).

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