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47 pages 1 hour read

Philippe Bourgois, Jeffrey Schonberg

Righteous Dopefiend

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2008

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Chapter 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 2 Summary: “Falling In Love”

Tina, a woman who is addicted to alcohol and crack, splits her time between the streets and her cousin’s place in the nearby projects. When both Reggie and Carter vie for her romantic attention, she chooses to pursue a relationship with Carter, getting into a physical altercation with Reggie to take control of the situation and express her disinterest. Reggie is arrested for brandishing a broken firearm in a crack exchange, and he is sentenced to eight years in prison, removing him from the community.

Tina derives much of her income from sex work—a setup that causes trouble once she has entered a relationship with Carter. She discloses early childhood trauma and sexual/physical abuse, which led to her viewing intimate relationships as inextricable from material or monetary gifts. Her early experiences of sexual abuse and violence led Tina to leverage her body as a means of taking control of her life.

Tina and Carter form a more serious relationship, leading Tina to end her sex work and take on the role of caretaker to the encampment she and Carter share. At first, Carter doesn’t allow her to go burglarizing—“hitting licks”—with him and others, preferring to continue the semblance of a traditional domestic gender dynamic where the male partner leaves home to earn a living. Ultimately Tina ends up becoming a more equal partner, but they maintain some aspects of these traditional gender roles, particularly after Carter receives about $6,000 from the sale of his childhood home and purchases a camper for them to live in. The mobility of this new home allows them to hit more licks and thus generate a more robust income, particularly by stealing wood during the San Francisco housing boom of the 1990s. The chapter closes with Tina’s disclosure that she has started to use heroin in addition to crack and alcohol, which could cause a rift—Carter and others in their moral economy are used to sharing crack and alcohol with her, but not heroin.

Chapter 2 Analysis

Now that Chapter 1 has fleshed out the contours of the social scene, this chapter zooms in on one person, building a strong connection between the reader and Tina. In particular, it explores how the common human experience of falling in love plays out in the context of extreme poverty and addiction. Tina demonstrates courage and charisma, and her willingness to share the story of her traumatic past with the ethnographers provides intimate insight into the ways cycles of trauma can lead a person to homelessness, addiction, sex work, and violence.

This chapter therefore touches on the theme of Gender and Sexuality in Poverty, Homelessness, and Addiction by exploring the lived experiences of one of only two female interlocutors, puzzling out how American ideals, such as traditional gender roles, are altered to fit the conditions found in the Edgewater community. Tina’s sex work places her economic life at odds with her romantic life, as her partner, Carter, objects both to the specific nature of her work and to the notion of her working at all. As Tina negotiates between her desire for independence and her desire for a stable relationship with Carter, her dilemma echoes those faced by many women in more normative relationships and communities. At the same time, the Politically Structured Violence she encounters as an unhoused sex worker and as a woman of color makes her navigation of gender roles that much more fraught. Throughout the book, Bourgois and Schonberg aim to trace these intersecting forms of inequality, finding the places where systemic and social injustice manifests in individuals’ intimate lives.

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