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64 pages 2 hours read

Liz Cheney

Oath and Honor: A Memoir and a Warning

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2023

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Background

Socio-Political Context: The Trump Presidency and January 6

Donald Trump’s presidency, marked by unconventional governance and polarizing policies, created a distinct socio-political landscape in the United States. Trump’s leadership style is characterized by direct communication through social media, often bypassing traditional media channels. His tenure saw significant policy shifts, particularly in immigration, environmental regulations, and foreign affairs. Trump’s support base, known for its fervor, often views him as a disruptor of the political status quo.

In 2020, Trump lost the presidential election to Joe Biden but refused to concede. Instead, he claimed widespread electoral fraud, pressured government officials to overturn and obstruct the result, and mounted many legal challenges. On January 6, 2021, he called on his supporters to rally at the Capitol, a protest that became a violent assault on the Capitol and the people within and that obstructed vote counting. All subsequent legal and constitutional investigations upheld the election result and indicated that Trump’s assertion that the election was “stolen” was false. Despite this, public polling in 2023 showed that 30% of all respondents, and 61% of Republican voters, still believed Biden’s win to be illegitimate. (Kamisar, Ben. “Almost a Third of Americans Still Believe the 2020 Election Result Was Fraudulent.” NBC News, 20 June 2023).

Trump’s refusal to concede the election and the January 6 Capitol attack are seen by many in America and across the world as an assault on American democratic institutions, exacerbating deep political divisions and threatening the stability of the country’s democratic processes. Understanding this context is vital to grasp the implications of Cheney’s narrative in Oath and Honor, set against a backdrop of unprecedented political upheaval. At the time of its publication, Trump was running for the Republican presidential nomination and widely expected to be the party’s candidate in 2024. On the one hand, by 2023, Trump had continued to dominate the Republican Party and secure significantly more funding than the party itself. On the other hand, his nomination and presidential aspirations were fraught with legal investigations, charges, and convictions including for violation of the Presidential Records Act, felony counts of business fraud, conspiracy and insurrection, racketeering, contempt of court, and a civil court finding of sexual assault and defamation. Trump and his supporters have maintained that all these charges are politically motivated.

Cultural Context: The Political and Cultural Divide in the US

The United States, in recent years, has experienced a deepening cultural and political divide, reaching a crisis on January 6, 2021. This divide extends beyond politics into fundamental disagreements over the role of government, individual rights, and societal values. Differing perceptions of social issues, such as immigration, gun rights, and healthcare, reflect a broader cultural schism, often referred to as the “culture wars.” This discord is fueled by disparate interpretations of facts and news sources, the often-partisan nature of media outlets, and deep mistrust on each side.

These rifts are also apparent in the Republican Party, with traditional conservatives like Cheney clashing with the pro-disruption approach of the Trump-aligned faction. These divisions were apparent in the party as Trump rose to power within it, achieved the nomination, and became president, but many Republican politicians supported Trump explicitly or tacitly because of his popularity with voters and their conviction that he could win the election. Trump’s decisions and style in office led to a gradual widening of division until his 2020 election denial and the Capitol attack brought this tension to the forefront, forcing Republicans to openly support or condemn Trump’s actions. This binary choice cemented the division of the party, and the dilemma highlighted the personal challenges for politicians navigating a politically and culturally polarized environment. For many, such as Cheney, the crisis was in a sense a vindication of their condemnation of Trump pre-2020. The Republican division is not just political but also cultural, reflecting a broader internal struggle over the party’s identity and direction, especially in the lead-up to the 2024 presidential election. Understanding this context is essential to appreciate the complexities of Cheney’s position and the broader implications of her book as a product of this fractured political landscape.

Historical Context: The Evolution of the Republican Party

The Republican Party has undergone significant ideological transformations throughout its history. From its origins as the party of Lincoln, advocating for the abolition of slavery, to the conservative revolution spearheaded by figures like Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan, the party has seen shifts in policies and priorities. In recent decades, the party has grappled with issues like the role of government, social conservatism, and economic policies. Cheney’s political beliefs place her firmly in the conservative wing of the party and as a proponent of traditional Republican values and systems and an inheritor of the Bush-Cheney style of Republicanism.

The Trump era of 2016-2020 marked a significant shift, with a focus on nationalism, populism, and a departure from traditional conservative principles in areas like free trade and foreign policy. This period saw the party grappling with its identity, balancing traditional conservative values with the new direction under Trump’s leadership. Cheney’s narrative in Oath and Honor is set against this backdrop, providing a unique perspective on the internal conflicts and ideological battles within the party. Understanding this historical evolution is crucial to contextualize Cheney’s traditional conservative stance and her conflict with the Trump-influenced faction of the party.

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