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52 pages 1 hour read

Sindiwe Magona

Mother to Mother

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1998

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Chapters 9–10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 9 Summary: “6 AM ¬– Thursday 26 August”

Back in the present day, Mandisa and her family are trying to collect themselves after the police raid. Skonana stops by and asks what the police wanted, and Dwadwa tells her they were looking for Mxolisi.

Dwadwa and Mandisa assess Lunga's injuries and try to calm Siziwe down, but are interrupted by another neighbor: Qwati. Dwadwa dismisses her angrily, but Mandisa tells her to come back later. She then returns to Siziwe and puts her to bed. Siziwe, though, soon calls out for her mother and begins crying.

Mandisa asks Siziwe what's wrong, and Siziwe ultimately admits that Mxolisi briefly came by the house before Mandisa returned from work. She says that she thinks he hid something in the hokkie, but when Mandisa presses for details, Siziwe clams up: "Like a shutter, something came over Siziwe's face…over her eyes. Now, other eyes in another face looked at me…Cagey as a fox" (169). Mandisa concludes something must have frightened Siziwe.

With the children tended to, Dwadwa begins to get ready for work. Mandisa, however, says she intends to wait at home for Mxolisi, and to go looking for him if he hasn't returned by midday. Dwadwa again warns Mandisa that Mxolisi will cause trouble for her.

Chapter 10 Summary

Recalling her childhood again, Mandisa says that she grew up deeply aware of boththe history of white colonialism in South Africa, and of the anger her friends and family felt toward white South Africans. Her paternal grandfather was a particularly bountiful source of historical information, and Mandisa recounts an exchange where he explained how the Cape of Good Hope got its name. Vasco de Gama, Tatomkhulu says, originally named the place the "Cape of Storms"; it was not until a group of settlers led by Jan van Riebeeck decided to stay there that the cape earned its modern name. Tatomkhulu claims, however, that, "the biggest storm is still here…in our hearts, the hearts of the people of this land" (175).

On a different occasion, Tatomkhulu asks Mandisa what she knows aboutNongqawuse. Mandisa says that her teachers taught her that Nongqawuse was a "false prophet who told people to kill all their cattle and they would get new cattle on the third day," and that people complied "because they were superstitious and ignorant" (175).

Tatomkhulu objects to this interpretation of events, and recounts his own. He first explains the significance of cattle to the Xhosa—one of the peoples that lived in South Africa before it was colonized. Cows, he says, not only provide food, but also raw materials used for shelter and clothing. Most of all, they are a form of currency that have various social functions, including serving as a bride-price, a tribute to chiefs, and an exchange for prisoners captured in war. The decision to kill the cattle and burn the fields was therefore"an abomination" that could only come from very deep anger and outrage (178). Nongqawuse, however, had prophesied that doing so would cause the sun to reverse its course and drive the white settlers into the sea: "Then, with the rising of the new sun, all the things that had been killed and burned would rise again" (180).In the end, these failed to materialize, and while the Xhosa never entirely stopped resisting, the white settlers remained in South Africa.

Back in the present day, Siziwe rouses Mandisa from her thoughts, telling her that Lunga has gone out, and that some friends of his had earlier stopped by to see him, talking about Mxolisi. Mandisa questions Siziwe, and Siziwe admits that she thinks the conversation had something to do with the attack the day before.

As Mandisa is still trying to process this, a car stops outside their house. Mandisa goes out to see who it is, and the man introduces himself as Minister Mananga, saying he has come to tell Mxolisi that he has found a place where he can hold his meetings. Mananga appears agitated, however, and slips Mandisa a note before he leaves, which tells her to take a taxi to Khayeletisha and to get off at the last stop.

Assuming Mananga has information about Mxolisi, Mandisacomplies, and gets in a taxi, where one of the other passengers—a young woman—slips her another note. Mandisa continues to follow a complex set of instructions until she finally arrives at an unfamiliar house.

Two men and a woman welcome Mandisa in before leaving her alone. Some time later, a door opens and Mxolisi enters. Mandisa asks Mxolisi what's happening. Mxolisi says that "everybody" says that "[he] did it," but insists he was "just one of a hundred people who threw stones at her car" (195). Mandisa says that she's heard the student was killed with a knife, and Mxolisi says that "many people stabbed her" (195). Mandisa presses him, asking first whether he took part in the stabbing, and then whether he was the one who killed the girl. Mxolisi breaks down, but continues to insist that he was not the only one responsible. Mandisa, however, says that it doesn't matter, because his knife will have the girl's blood on it. The two embrace, sobbing.

Chapters 9–10 Analysis

In more ways than one, Chapters 9 and 10 represent the climax of Mother to Mother. Flashbacks aside, the novel's main "storyline" takes place in the hours after the attack, and consists largely of Mandisa waiting to hear news of Mxolisi. In Chapter 10, mother and son are finally reunited, and we learn the truth about Mxolisi's involvement in the killing.

On the face of it then, it might seem odd that Magona chooses to interrupt the forward momentum of the narrative by taking us far back into the past—to Mandisa's childhood, and a story about an event that took place in the 19th century. In reality, however, Tatomkhulu's account of the Xhosa cattle-killing is symbolically central to the entire novel.The decision to kill the cattle and burn the fields was an act of desperation and, in the end, self-destruction. As Tatomkhulu says, only extraordinary suffering and resentment could prompt the Xhosa to sacrifice things so important to both their cultural and physical survival. In the modern day, that same resentment is what motivates Guguletu's residents to wreak havoc on their own neighborhoods.

The story of the cattle-killing also delves deeper into themes of fate and human agency. Magona's decision to place the story where she does—in the run-up to Mxolisi's confession—suggests that the murder of the American student is part of a long, inexorable chain-reaction set off by colonialism. Individuals, again, have little control over their destinies, and Magona drives this point home in her descriptions of the Xhosa attempting to rid themselves of their colonizers by pitting themselves against the patterns of nature: "Soon, soon, tragically soon, there could be no doubt however. The sun was progressing as before, continuing on its preordained path, going forward, forward, and forever forward. As it had done for a million million years" (179).

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