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53 pages 1 hour read

Susan Hood

Lifeboat 12

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 2018

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Part 2, Chapters 7-12Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2, Chapter 7 Summary: “Thursday, 12 September”

This section contains the poems “Inspections,” “SS City of Benares,” “Welcome, Young Sir!,” “Cabin Mates,” “Time for a Tour,” “Lunch,” “Alarm Bells,” “To the Lifeboats,” “Mischief,” and “No Safe Harbor.”

In the morning, the boys must submit to a medical examination to make sure they are healthy enough for the voyage. Young John Snoad has a cold and is sent home. The boys take a bus to the docks and see their ship—the SS City of Benares—for the first time. It’s a beautiful luxury cruise ship, and Ken can hardly believe how large it is. All the boys are filled with excitement and a sense of adventure as they board the ship. The crew greets them on deck and makes them feel like special guests, particularly Ramjam Buxoo, the man in charge. Mr. Buxoo leads them to their cabin assignments, and Ken is placed with three young boys. He wishes he could be with his friends but understands that he is needed to take care of these younger boys. Ken marvels at the luxurious room. He encourages his young roommates to enjoy the bunk beds to distract them from homesickness. The children’s playroom also features brand-new dolls, model airplanes, a rocking horse, and more. Ken is used to making his own toys and has never seen toys in such pristine condition. As the children are ushered to the dining room for lunch, they are in awe of the beautiful ship that feels more like a hotel.

At lunch, Ken and his friends can order whatever they want to eat. Ken has always had to help with food prep and with tending the garden at home, and he cannot believe the ease of simply asking for whatever food he wants and receiving it. The boys feel like it’s a holiday and stuff themselves with several main course helpings and dessert. The food aboard the ship is nothing like the wartime rations with which they are accustomed. After lunch, alarm bells call the passengers for a lifeboat drill. The children practice assembling at their assigned meeting places. They receive life jackets that they must wear at all times, even while sleeping. Ken is assigned to Lifeboat 8 and is chosen to demonstrate climbing in and out of the lifeboat.

The children learn about the Fleming gear, the handle that allows lifeboat passengers to row, from a girl named Patricia. She was on the Volendam, a ship that was transporting children to North America and was torpedoed. Thankfully, the children aboard the Volendam practiced the lifeboat drills and knew what to do when the ship began to sink. The British Royal Navy rescued the passengers. The City of Benares will be sailing in a convoy of ships, along with a destroyer and two corvettes, so they have protection; even so, Ken listens to the lifeboat drill and takes it seriously. After the drill, Terry, Ken, and a boy named Fred play together on the ship decks, but their fun is interrupted. They learn their departure is delayed until the following day because the Germans planted explosive mines along Northwest England’s Mersey River. That night, the boys hear more bombs nearby the ship.

Part 2, Chapter 8 Summary: “Friday, 13 September”

This section contains the poems “Bad Luck,” “It’s Time,” “Reinforcements,” and “Our First Night.”

The day of the ship’s departure brings ominous signs: The weather is stormy, plus the date is Friday the “13th,” a notoriously unlucky date in the eyes of sailors. However, the ship must make its meeting with Canadian ships that carry war supplies, so they have no choice but to depart. Derek and his younger brother Alan say that 13 is their lucky number, and Ken feels relieved to be leaving despite the foggy, windy weather. The Royal Navy convoy appears in formation beside the City of Benares. The convoy is 18 ships, plus the destroyer and two corvettes in the lead. A seaplane flies overhead as added security. On deck, Terry sketches all the boats in the convoy as well as a portrait of Ken standing at the ship’s rail. That night, the young boys in Ken’s cabin need comfort, and many of the children get seasick as the boat navigates the stormy waves.

Part 2, Chapter 9 Summary: “Saturday, 14 September”

This section contains the poem “Storms.”

In the morning, the storm continues, and Ken knocks on Father O’Sullivan’s door seeking help for the seasick and homesick boys in his cabin. However, Father O’Sullivan doesn’t feel well and can’t do much for Ken other than suggest barley sugar water for the boys. On the way back to his cabin, Ken is warned by Officer Ronnie Cooper that a German bomber has been sighted.

Part 2, Chapter 10 Summary: “Sunday, 15 September”

This section contains the poems “Steady as She Goes,” “A Different War, A Different Fight,” “Smile for the Camera,” “A Jolly Holiday,” and “Progress.”

By Sunday morning, the storm is over, and the sun is shining. The escorts gather the children for prayers, and afterward, everyone plays in the sun on the decks. A Scottish filmmaker, Miss Grierson, explains she is making a movie about the children’s trip to Canada and takes pictures of the boys as they play. They continue to enjoy rich and delicious meals in the dining room. As they sail farther from German U-boat territory, Ken’s only worry is how much longer it will be before they are out of reach of the Germans.

Part 2, Chapter 11 Summary: “Monday, 16 September”

This section contains the poems “Day Three” and “Secret Stowaways.”

The passengers continue to have daily lifeboat drills, and Ken notices that the ship is moving in a zig-zag pattern to “throw the enemy off course” (91). A cadet named Doug Critchley explains that once the ship is 500 miles out to sea, they will be safe. Sickness breaks out on the ship as some of the younger boys get chicken pox, and Father O’Sullivan continues to fight the flu. Ken notes that both illnesses are contagious.

Part 2, Chapter 12 Summary: “Tuesday, 17 September”

This section contains the poems “In the Clear?,” “Safe at Last,” “Cadet Critchley,” “To the Lifeboats!,” “Lost,” “Lifeboat 12,” “Abandon Ship!,” “Down to the Sea,” “Rescue Will Come,” “Horror,” “Up from the Sea,” “Heroes,” “Get Away!,” “Blues on the Run,” “Blankets,” “Fireworks,” “Going Down,” “Shock,” “Yo!,” “Questions,” “I Can’t Move,” “Light in the Night,” “Ahoy!,” and “Keep Calm and Carry On.”

On day four, the weather grows stormy once more. However, everyone is in high spirits upon learning they are now 600 miles out and clear of danger, as U-boats don’t come out that far. They can now take off their life jackets and sleep comfortably. During the night, Ken wakes to the jolt of an impact and the sounds of splintering wood and breaking glass. The alarm sounds, and Ken realizes the ship has been torpedoed. Ken reassures the boys in his cabin as they slip on their life jackets and head to their muster stations. As Ken heads toward his lifeboat, he remembers he left his overcoat in the room and returns to get it, knowing his stepmother will be furious if he loses it.

As he returns to his muster station, Ken passes a bleeding girl and hears fearful emergency sounds. By the time he reaches Lifeboat 8, it is already gone, and he worries that all the lifeboats have left. Officer Cooper directs Ken to Lifeboat 12, and Ken recognizes some of the other passengers as he boards: Ramjam Buxoo, Paul, Fred, Billy, and Derek. Meanwhile on deck, one of the escorts, Mary Cornish, hesitates to board the lifeboat because she cannot find the girls in her care. As the ship starts to list toward port, Officer Cooper reassures Mary that the girls are safe in another boat, and Lifeboat 12 is one of the last to leave.

The lifeboat is hard to control as it’s lowered, and Ken is thankful to find that they do not tip or flood like so many of the other lifeboats he sees. Many passengers on the other boats are thrown into the water when their boat flips or are flooded so badly that they sit in water. Even though the boys are scared, the rolling waves are somewhat thrilling, and Ken is confident that the Royal Navy will come soon to save them. As two explosions light up the night, Ken can see people swimming and grabbing at overturned boats. He hears cries of fear and pleas for help. He feels helpless at the scene of so many being swallowed by the waves and sees the rocking horse from the playroom among the flotsams. Officer Cooper, the lifeboat captain, navigates the stormy waves and starts pulling people aboard. Gunner Harry Peard saves people from the water, swimming through the dark ocean and handing people up to Lifeboat 12. Ken admires his bravery and thinks, “heroes can’t die. / Can they?” (112).

As the Benares starts to sink, Lifeboat 12 must get clear of the ship to avoid being sucked under with it. Ken helps operate the Fleming gear. As he rows, he hears another lifeboat singing. He starts singing too, and soon, all of Lifeboat 12 join in. Once clear of the ship, Steward Purvis pulls out blankets from the Lifeboat locker; there are only 15 for the 50 passengers, and the blankets are given to those with the least amount of warm clothing. The boys are given two to share amongst themselves. As the Benares sinks, its electricity trips, and the entire ship illuminates until it is no longer visible beneath the waves. It only took 30 minutes from the time the ship was torpedoed until it sank. Gunner Peard climbs aboard, and Ken notices his rough and tough personality in contrast with Cooper’s reserved nature. Ken recognizes both men as heroes.

Ken wonders where all the ships in the convoy could be, and when they will arrive to rescue the lifeboats. Everyone in Lifeboat 12 is crammed tightly together, and it’s nearly impossible to sleep. Two torches in the darkness announce the presence of another lifeboat that pulls up beside Lifeboat 12. The lifeboat captain, Paine, explains that they were a part of the Marina, a ship in the convoy that the Germans also sank. The destroyer left before the attack to escort a different ship, and the other ships in the convoy had to scatter, following navy rules to prevent further attacks and casualties. Paine suspects a rescue ship is on its way, and the two lifeboats stay next to each other through the night, with everyone holding on to hope that the Royal Navy will be there soon to rescue them.

Part 2, Chapters 7-12 Analysis

Hood highlights the far-reaching reality of World War II as Ken leaves London yet does not escape danger. On the coast and while waiting on the ship in the harbor, the bombs continue to fall. Only going to a new continent can get Ken out of the danger zone. Hood also conveys the false sense of security that overtakes the crew and passengers of the SS City of Benares. Just when everyone thinks they are out of range of the German U-boats, they are torpedoed. Hood shows that war is difficult to escape. Children are not exempt from the danger, nor does escaping to sea guarantee safety. The ocean presents another kind of danger. Vivid descriptions of natural forces, like the weather and the ocean, thematically develop The Beauty and Power of Nature.

Hood’s description of life aboard the City of Benares lies in contrast to the way of life Ken and the other boys are used to at home, living in wartime conditions. The ship’s playroom boasts beautiful new toys, while the boys make their own toys or use broken toys at home. The dining room food is rich and abundant, and ship meals include fruits and meats that have not been available to them due to the war. In contrast, the boys are used to living on war rations and only eating foods like chicken on special occasions. In the dining room, the boys only need to ask for what they want to eat, and it is brought to them. At home, Ken is responsible for helping procure food through tasks such as tending the garden, skinning a rabbit, or collecting eggs. The ship offers luxury and ease, and through this juxtaposition of life aboard the ship versus life for the boys at home, Hood highlights the way wartime conditions have shaped the boys’ childhoods and perspectives. Later, as the ship sinks, Hood shows that despite all its extravagance, the boat is not exempt from the ravages of war. As the Benares sinks, Hood notes that the ship—in all its refinement and luxury—slips beneath the waves within 30 minutes of attack.

Hood also highlights Ken’s character growth through the thematic development of Coming of Age in Times of Crisis and The Definition of Bravery. Ken shows leadership qualities in several instances. For one, he accepts the responsibility of rooming with younger boys and taking care of them. He comforts them with stories, reassures them when the torpedo hits, and reminds them to be strong. Hood repeats that the boys know what to do during the emergency to show the importance of preparedness and levelheadedness in a crisis. Hood also shows that Ken is starting to think about his identity and his future. When the boat pulls away from land, he wonders what he will become and tries to think of things he is good at. Later, on Lifeboat 12, he looks up to Gunner Harry Peard for saving many people at his own personal risk and discomfort. Ken views men like Peard and Cooper as heroes and starts thinking about the man he wants to be someday. In admiring the bravery of others, Ken is inspired to help operate the Fleming gear when the lifeboat needs to get away from the sinking Benares. Hood’s use of diction in the rowing description conveys the urgency involved in creating distance from the ship: “pushpullpushpull / getawaygetawaygetaway—” (115). Even in an emergency, Ken is unafraid to take on responsibility and do his part to help. His willingness to be a leader and contemplation of identity show that he is growing in maturity.

Hood provides both foreshadowing and historical background information through the story of Volendam. Explaining the fate of Volendam shows that the plot of Hood’s narrative is not an isolated occurrence; several ships were sent from England to take children to safety, and some of the ships, like the Benares, were attacked. In the narrative, hearing about Volendam helps the children take the lifeboat drills seriously and foreshadows the dangers they will soon face. Further foreshadowing comes in the form of poor weather conditions and the unlucky date of the ship’s departure. However, when the weather changes to sunshine and calm seas two days into the voyage, the mood temporarily shifts to one of playfulness and peace.

The rising action intensifies when the torpedo hits the ship, and Hood uses variations of font size and text position to create drama and a sense of chaos during this scene. She also uses text position to capture the descent of Lifeboat 12 and to highlight that it was lowered into the ocean much better than many of the other lifeboats. This is significant because according to the historical record, many lifeboats capsized or were flooded as they were lowered from the Benares, greatly reducing the survival rates of the people aboard. Ken’s decision to return to his cabin for his overcoat proves to alter his fate and acts as the catalyst for his presence on Lifeboat 12. Adding to the intensity and horror of the ship’s attack, Hood provides a series of quotes from passengers in distress on Page 109 that capture the fear each person is experiencing. Some people cry out to God, others complain, and some choose to save themselves rather than help others. Hood’s use of quotes creates a powerful scene in which people of diverse ages and cultures all cry out in different ways but are driven by the same emotion: fear.

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