55 pages • 1 hour read
Graham GardnerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
At morning assembly, Elliot notices that students at Holminster High quiet down and show respect when the principal starts talking, unlike students at his old school. Despite this positive sign, Elliot still believes that trouble will find him soon enough. A boy approaches him with a friendly smile and asks Elliot his name. Elliot assumes that the boy wants to start a fight when he says “Elliot? Elliot as in Ellie? Isn’t that a girl’s name?” (26) and is surprised when the boy follows up with a smile and introduces himself as Oliver. Elliot’s fears resurface as he walks into the locker room for gym class; the smell brings back painful memories, and he waits for the taunting to begin. Again, he is surprised; no one picks on him, and he plays football well enough not to draw attention to himself.
He notices another kid, with acne and a “raw-nose,” getting targeted during the game. Elliot is just happy that it isn’t him, but dread floods back into him as his team captain, Stewart Masters, saunters into the locker room after the game, clearly looking for trouble. Stewart singles out the same kid, called Baker, and in front of a locker room full of silent, attentive students, begins to verbally abuse him. Stewart orders Baker to get naked while other kids are directed to get his clothes, and Oliver is told to “man the showers” (31), code for turning the temperature setting to cold. Elliot can tell that this has happened many times before and the abuse is routine for Baker and the onlookers. When the gym teacher, Mr. Phillips, bursts into the locker room, Elliot panics despite having done nothing wrong. Mr. Phillips takes in the scene, pauses, and then expresses frustration at Baker, who is standing naked and shivering, and asks him why he isn’t getting dressed. Elliot’s heart sinks, “Nothing’s going to be different here. Nothing. I was stupid to imagine anything else” (32).
Elliot knows from experience that not being noticed at all is a good way of eventually being singled out by bullies. He must be “noticed in the right way” (33). For two weeks, Elliot has a growing sense of fear. He hasn’t made any friends—starting as a new kid in the middle of freshman year makes it hard to integrate and he hasn’t found a way to fit in. He scans the bulletin board every day for a club or group to join that will be acceptable, all the while replaying the mantra “stand out for the wrong reason, you’re dead” (34) to himself.
Finally, in the third week, tryouts for the swim team are posted. Elliot excels at swimming and knows that this is his chance to shine. He feels sick with nerves, but despite the fear and the nasty comments about his slight build that he overhears on his way to the pool, Elliot achieves the third fastest overall time, securing his place on the Holminster High School swim team. He’s thrilled by the friendly comradery and banter he experiences in the locker room. By the end of the chapter, Elliot almost bursts with happiness because he has achieved his goal.
Elliot relaxes at school, feeling accepted. He enjoys being on the swim team, where he fits in well. This comfortable feeling does not last long; one morning, Oliver approaches Elliot on the playground. Oliver has not spoken to Elliot since their first introduction weeks ago, and Elliot can sense that underneath Oliver’s friendly tone there is a sinister message. Oliver proceeds to tell Elliot about the Guardians. Elliot stops him and asks why he would want to know about them. Oliver explains that the Guardians want him to know and that it’s not safe to ignore them. Elliot, feeling sick, asks Oliver whether the Guardians are the school thugs. Oliver laughs and tells Elliot that the Guardians “control” the thugs and “organize things.”
To Elliot’s horror, Oliver details the way the school is run outside of the classroom: “Out here, what goes is what the Guardians say goes. If a kid is getting punished, the Guardians have decided it. They select who gets punished, they select who punishes” (40). Oliver tells Elliot to look out for squares of yellow paper posted on the bulletin board with the “special selections” and that names of victims are kept on “the List.” Elliot keeps his cool, giving the impression that he’s not bothered by what Oliver is telling him, even though he is screaming inside. The bell rings and everyone goes into the classroom except Oliver, who continues to block Elliot’s way and warns him to keep his name off the Guardians’ list. Elliot realizes that Oliver is not threatening him, but regardless, he still shakes with fear as Oliver walks away.
Nothing happens for several weeks: no yellow squares and no overt bullying. Elliot starts to think that Oliver made up the Guardians as an attempt to look important to the new kid. Whenever Elliot tries to start a conversation with Oliver he is cut off, with Oliver making a vague excuse before hurrying off. Elliot starts to relax again. He sees bullying going on around him, but to other kids—the kid with a stutter, or the fat kids—and he is immensely relieved not to be the victim. Elliot starts to prefer school, where he is left alone, to being at home. His mother is too tired and sad to talk to him, and the atmosphere in the house is depressing.
On the first day back at school after vacation, Oliver grabs Elliot’s arm and tells him to hurry or they’ll be late for to see the punishment. A crowd of excited boys fills the outdoor bathroom by the football field. Elliot feels sick, with memories of the torture he endured rising in his mind, but he can’t get out of the packed crowd. The group parts to let two large boys from the football team and a small boy in a crisp uniform—held firmly by the footballers—through to the middle toilet stall. Someone pulls down the small boy’s blazer to his elbows and someone else pulls down the boy’s pants to below his knees. Through the pounding in his head Elliot can hear chanting “Get him in there….Drown the little runt….Make him scream…” (47). Elliot relives his own pain as he watches the boys head forced into the toilet bowl and held under as the toilet is repeatedly flushed, hating himself for having let that happen to him back then and hating himself for not intervening now. Elliot clenches his fists and uses all of his will power to conceal the horror and fear he is feeling.
After six flushes, the crowd thins out and Elliot eventually finds himself alone with the “punished” student. He sees a small, black film canister laying by the stall, so he picks it up, but instead of handing it back to the student, Elliot drops it into his own pocket. As he leaves the bathroom, Elliot notices that the teachers’ lounge overlooks the building they were just in and he realizes, with a sinking feeling, that the teachers at this new school are no different to those at his old school. They don’t care about the bullying.
Elliot cannot sleep that evening. Images of the boy being dunked combine with his own memories of being the victim, forcing him to live it all over again. He feels ashamed for watching, and also for being thankful that he wasn’t the victim this time.
Initially the contrast between Holminster High and Elliot’s old school appears to go deeper than the structural attributes of the buildings—“style and good taste and expense” (14), versus “messy bundle of low towers […] graffiti” (14)—with students showing respect to teachers and seeming to accept Elliot. Outwardly, Elliot’s mask of indifference is working, but the tendrils of post-traumatic stress are constantly hugging him, and they squeeze a bit tighter with the slightest trigger, such as the smell of the locker room. The lasting effects of bullying on the victim are portrayed in these chapters. Examples of this include Elliot steeling himself just to walk through the locker room door and the disproportionate joy he felt after a banal and uneventful conversation with another student.
The illusion of the new environment is shattered when Elliot sees Baker being abused in the locker room after a game. One of the most striking aspects of Baker’s abuse is the routine nature of it, which mirrors the regular violence Elliot was subjected to at his last school. Elliot recognizes the “flat and dead” (30) tone of Bakers voice as the bullies humiliate him; the ghostly appearance of his body, walking like a zombie, and the way in which the other boys know exactly what to do to enable the humiliation. It’s a well-practiced routine that is accepted by everyone, including Baker. Gardner often alludes to death when describing bullying victims, suggesting that some part of the victim dies with each incident of abuse and that it is never benign.
Elliot hears his new, hard, inner voice for the first time after seeing Baker’s humiliation. It mocks him for worrying about the teacher walking in “What are you so concerned about […] You didn’t do anything” (31). The voice is right, Elliot didn’t do anything: He didn’t do anything to stop the bully. The voice in his head means he did not break any rules, but “doing nothing” is what Elliot ultimately cannot endure.
It isn’t until Elliot makes the swim team that he starts to relax. He joins the team to be “noticed in the right way” (37), not because he loves swimming (even though he does). The fear of being a target overshadows everything Elliot does. When he excels in swim team tryouts he is thrilled, not because he did so well but because he achieved his goal of receiving positive attention and reinforcement, creating the right kind of reputation for himself. Elliot is finally able to enjoy being part of a team and makes friends, preferring school to being home. His theory about being “noticed in the right way” works, but it works too well and attracts the attention of the Guardians, illustrating that the best laid plans can have unexpected and unwelcome consequences.
After Oliver explains to Elliot that the Guardians only select kids who have “been asking for it” (41), Elliot muses about what that really means. Elliot’s insight into the way bullies justify their cruelty is astute: “asking for trouble” is not how Baker could be described; he has not asked for anything. Elliot knows that the students who are chosen to be bullied are just being themselves—they are not pretending to be anything else, just like the old Elliot. The new Elliot, pretending to be confident and unconcerned, sees this as a negative thing. He sees those students as easy victims, the way he used to be. The relief he feels at being on the other side, no longer a target, inhibits any empathy new Elliot might feel towards the victims. All his inner voice cares about is not being a target.
Elliot’s hard shell that he is working so hard to build cracks when he’s forced to watch Ben being “punished” in the bathroom. His painful memories crash into him, so he vividly reexperiences his memories as he watches Ben being bullied. Elliot had not thought it would be easy to recreate himself but having to relive his past by watching it happen to someone else is almost more than he can bear. He is in a no-win situation: “Hating himself, despising himself for allowing it to be done to him. Hating himself, despising himself for allowing it to be done to someone else” (48). Elliot is stuck in a cycle of self-loathing because of his trauma from having been bullied. Watching another kid suffer, he resigns himself to the idea that bullying is inescapable, which is exactly how the bullies maintain fear and control. Even though watching the brutal attack on Ben shakes Elliot to his core, the new voice reassures him that there was nothing he could have done to stop the incident. His new persona is crushing Elliot’s empathy and accountability, turning him into one of the many bystanders who fuel the cycle of bullying by watching, excusing themselves, and ignoring their own role in the situation.