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64 pages 2 hours read

Carmen Maria Machado

In the Dream House

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2019

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Part 3, Chapters 75-89Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3

Chapter 75 Summary: “Dream House as Man vs. Self”

This chapter uses the relationship between Machado’s mother’s dogs, Greta and Gibby, as a foil for Machado’s relationship with her partner: After Gibby dies, Greta experiences extreme grief and apathy. In contrast, Machado increasingly would like to escape her relationship. She does not know how to address Greta’s grief while dogsitting her.

Chapter 76 Summary: “Dream House as Modern Art”

Machado and her partner visit New York over the winter. At the Brooklyn Museum, Machado is interested in finding an escape from her depression and anxiety. She is drawn to an exhibit by Félix Gonzàlez-Torres that features piles of candy that guests can take. The candy represents his partner, who died of an AIDS-related illness in 1991. Machado participates in the exhibit by eating some of the candy; this enrages her partner for reasons Machado can’t decipher.

Chapter 77 Summary: “Dream House as Second Chances”

Machado’s partner announces that she plans to reapply to Iowa’s MFA program so that the two of them can live together. Instead of expressing the fear that this inspires in her; instead, Machado helps her partner with her application by giving feedback on her stories. One story features a man who destroys his relationships through jealousy. Machado thinks it’s “pretty good.”

Chapter 78 Summary: “Dream House as Chekhov’s Gun”

Machado spends Christmas break at the Dream House despite knowing that she “shouldn’t have been so stupid” (123) to keep the relationship alive. One night, they go to a bowling alley with some of her partner’s friends. The partner is the designated driver. Machado briefly enjoys herself while bowling and drinking, but when her partner calls her over and begins groping her in front of the others, Machado refuses. She then feels her partner growing angry and holding her from moving, telling Machado that she hates her. Machado realizes her partner must have been drinking after all; Machado refuses to let her drive, and they borrow cash for a cab from one of the partner’s friends, who expresses his concern for Machado.

At home, Machado tries to sleep on the couch to gain some distance from her partner’s anger, but her partner comes to the couch and begins yelling incessantly at her to leave. Machado rushes to the bathroom and locks herself inside. Her partner spends a long time trying to break the door down. When she stops, Machado hesitantly leaves the bathroom to find her partner completely calm and asking why Machado looks so upset.

Chapter 79 Summary: “Dream House as Sniffs from the Ink of Women”

Machado quotes Norman Mailer’s statement on women writers being a combination of undesirable queerness and psychosis. Since coming out, Machado has been “haunted by the specter of the lunatic lesbian” (126). She wishes that media portrayals of lesbians—such as the film Girlfriend—were more mindful of portraying lesbians through a more realistic lens.

Chapter 80 Summary: “Dream House as Haunted Mansion”

This chapter addresses the question of what qualifies as a haunting. Machado argues that the Dream House has accumulated the energy of her suffering, that a haunting implies there is “always atmosphere to consider; that you can wound air as cleanly as you can wound flesh” (127). She includes several footnotes referencing Thompson’s folktale index on ghosts, hauntings, and the sounds associated with them. She imagines that her own crying and psychic distress experienced in the Dream House will linger to haunt future inhabitants.

Chapter 81 Summary: “Dream House as Chekhov’s Trigger”

The narrative returns to Machado and her partner. Despite hating live music and concerts, Machado agrees to go with her partner to a concert at a bar in Bloomington. When Machado tries to leave early, her request triggers her partner’s anger. They leave as the partner yells at Machado, including threats to kill her. Once home, her mood flips to sweetness, as if she has forgotten that she was angry.

Chapter 82 Summary: “Dream House as Soap Opera”

When confronted about her actions after the concert, Machado’s partner claims that she doesn’t remember what she’s done. There is a gap in her memory.

Chapter 83 Summary: “Dream House as Comedy of Errors”

The morning after the concert at a Bloomington bar, Machado rushes to catch her flight back to Iowa City. Her partner takes her time putting on her makeup and delaying their leave; thinking of the phrase “putting on her face” becomes ominous to Machado, as it implies that her partner “has one face and needs to put on another” (131). They rush to the airport, where Machado is so overwhelmed that she begins crying after TSA discards her water bottle before she has a chance to drink its contents. She is frustrated with her own emotional breakdown, believing that she must try to be more composed about her relationship, as “the last thing queer women need is bad fucking PR” (132).

Machado boards the plane convinced that she will tell someone of her suffering when she lands. During the flight, however, she calms down and once again resolves to hide the abuse from the people in her life.

Chapter 84 Summary: “Dream House as Demonic Possession”

Machado conducts an internet search for memory loss to try to understand her partner’s sudden, but more frequent, blackouts of violent anger. She compares this interest to her fascination with demonic possession stories; both end in “carte blanche forgiveness” (133) for the aggressor in question.

Chapter 85 Summary: “Dream House as Naming the Animals”

Machado compares the biblical story of Adam and his task of naming the animals to her own search for the right language to express her suffering. She sympathizes with Adam’s challenge, as she finds language inadequate to express all that she has experienced in the context of being a queer woman.

Chapter 86 Summary: “Dream House as Ambiguity”

This chapter discusses lesbian activist Linda Geraci’s anthology on abuse in queer communities. Machado asserts that the problem with representation is that straight people have little understanding of queer relationships. They therefore struggle to understand that queer relationships operate on the same emotional and moral foundations as heterosexual relationships, with the added stress of societal marginalization.

Machado describes the legal system’s inconsistency in handling domestic abuse cases when the couple includes two women. She explains that in order to win such cases in court, a woman’s legal team will often paint their client as highly feminized to convince the jury that her relationship still models traditional gender roles. By doing so, the abuser—the other female partner—is associated with masculine qualities, which a jury is likelier to associate with abuse. Machado also cites cases that feature extensive physical abuse, which she herself did not experience. Her next question, then, is where she fits into the historical context of queer abuse. She notes that her own circumstances reinforce the archival silence on domestic abuse as there is no media or legal precedent for what she has experienced. Furthermore, she notes that she was never prepared for what it might mean to be afraid of a woman.

Chapter 87 Summary: “Dreams House as Undead”

Debra Reid, a lesbian incarcerated for defending herself against her abusive partner, is often on Machado’s mind. Machado imagines her getting dressed for her court appearance and worrying what her partner will think of the dress she wears.

Chapter 88 Summary: “Dream House as Sanctuary”

Since the night when Machado locked herself in the bathroom to protect herself from her partner, the bathroom has become a place both of security and fear for her. It becomes her “own little space” (141); she hopes that other queer abuse survivors such as Debra Reid have a similar refuge, no matter how small.

Chapter 89 Summary: “Dream House as Double Cross”

In addition to the fear and insecurity that domestic abuse causes her, Machado experiences a deep sense of betrayal. Because she has committed so much to the relationship and believed them to be building a future together, the realization of her partner’s abusive tendencies causes her to grieve the loss of an idealized future.

Part 3, Chapters 75-89 Analysis

A theme of agency, culpability, absolution, and legality resounds in these chapters. Though the memoir’s enterprise involves Machado reclaiming her own agency, her partner also purports a loss of control in her flashes of violent rage. As the partner explains her blackouts, she claims that she cannot remember what occurs before and after these events and that “everything in between is darkness” (130). This defense causes Machado to question her partner’s responsibility for her actions, as blacking out implies a complete loss of agency, yet it is unclear whether her partner is gaslighting her. Machado compares this to demonic possession narratives in which the person possessed is absolved of all the harm they may have inflicted on others (133). Machado is drawn to this idea as she, too, desires absolution from staying in the relationship.

The narrative couches the conflict in legal terms of allegation and acquittal. Chapters even center on courtroom topics, and earlier, Chapter 70 consisted of lone remark that “[m]ost types of abuse are completely legal” (112). Though the memoir leaves it tacit, Machado’s “legal” scrutiny of her partner’s agency and culpability involves the “insanity defense,” a criminal defense that is controversial, rarely used, and even more rarely successful. There are two criteria for the insanity defense. First, a legally insane defendant has no control over their actions; in Machado’s partner’s case, a “blackout” would fit the bill (as would demon possession [133], if such a thing were subject to empirical audit). Second, however, the defendant must be incapable of forming criminal intent, or incapable of comprehending morality; this is not the case for Machado’s partner. Even if a defendant is deemed legally insane, the presumption is that they will continue their crimes, lacking the faculties to stop themselves. Instead of punishment, the defendant is served either pharmacological or therapeutic intervention. In the upcoming Chapter 93, Machado’s partner will in fact be pressured into seeking therapeutic treatment, but she will soon discontinue as she has no genuine desire to change.

Machado often feels that she herself is on trial, but in her case, the idea of responsibility also extends beyond culpability, and elements of restorative justice are in the offing as she wants to create a better world through her writing. Machado also feels increasingly preoccupied with her sense of responsibility to queer people at large. After an emotional breakdown, she believes she must do better to act composed, as “the last thing queer women need is bad fucking PR” (132). The misguided fantasy of a lesbian utopia (the idea that lesbian relationships are immune from abuse) might give queer women the kind of good PR that Machado desires; however, her work in composing this memoir shows that she is willing to be honest in her representation.

As Machado describes lesbian representation in domestic abuse cases, not only do media and legal teams insistently assign heteronormative roles to lesbians, but Machado’s analysis reveals that only victims of physical abuse receive publicity. Her own experiences do not fit into this narrow window in the cultural archive. She, a survivor of psychological abuse, cannot situate herself: “Our culture does not have an investment in helping queer folks understand what their experiences mean” (139). While the cultural narrative has taught her to fear men, she has never learned to fear a woman or learned what a woman’s violence might entail.

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