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By January 1866, Scarlett is barely making ends meet at Tara when Will gives her the unwelcome news that she owes $300 for taxes. Since Reconstruction, opportunists and Yankees have taken over the local government. The formerly enslaved are behaving aggressively toward whites, and the Union officers are allowing them to do so. Georgia is an occupied territory where the old planter families have no rights.
Scarlett only has $10 in gold coins left and doesn’t know what to do. She seeks Ashley for advice and finds him chopping wood in the orchard. Ashley is grateful for the help Scarlett has given his family but doesn’t have a solution to the tax problem either. Impulsively, Scarlett proposes that the two of them run away together. Ashley’s sense of honor forbids it, but he admits that he loves Scarlett and is tempted. The two share a passionate kiss, but Ashley resists his baser impulses. He points out that Scarlett loves one thing more than him—Tara.
Scarlett goes back to the house and finds a visitor. It is Jonas Wilkerson, the former overseer at Tara whom Ellen once fired. He has come around to make an offer on the property. Scarlett knows that he is powerful in the new government and hiked the taxes on Tara so that the O’Hara family couldn’t afford to pay them. Scarlett drives him away angrily and racks her brain for a solution to her money problems.
She has heard that Rhett is the only man who still has any money after the war and that he has gone back to live in Atlanta. She decides to visit Aunt Pittypat and see if she can get a loan from Rhett. Scarlett still has a pair of diamond earrings that she took from the dead Yankee looter and plans to use them as loan collateral. Realizing how ragged her clothing is, Scarlett knows she must make a better showing in the big city. She takes down some green velvet draperies and enlists the aid of the other women in the house to sew a fancy gown. At first, Mammy objects but agrees to help if Scarlett brings her along to Atlanta as a chaperone.
Aunt Pitty and Uncle Peter are delighted to receive the visitors. Casually, Scarlett sounds out her aunt about Rhett’s whereabouts. She learns that he is currently in jail, charged with killing a free Black man who was insolent to a white woman. Aunt Pitty confirms that Rhett is wealthy, but he won’t tell the Yankees where his money is hidden. Scarlett pretends to have caught a cold and retires to her bed. She waits the following morning until the house’s occupants are all away before she sneaks out to visit Rhett in jail.
On a raw, rainy morning, Scarlett heads for the center of town. The old firehouse has become a makeshift jail, and the home of Scarlett’s friends has been converted to army headquarters. She claims to be Rhett’s sister, and the officer in charge brings him to her. They are allowed to speak in private in the orderly room. Rhett is unshaven and unbathed, but his attitude remains jaunty. At first, Scarlett tries to keep up the pretense of prosperity until Rhett notices her work-roughened hands. He asks about Ashley and becomes jealous when he learns that Scarlett still has feelings for Ashley.
Focusing on her money woes, Scarlett finally tells Rhett the truth and asks for a loan. When he doesn’t take her earrings, she offers to become his mistress. Rhett says he has no money and will probably be hanged shortly:
‘You can come to my hanging [...] It’ll even up all your old scores with me [...] I’ll mention you in my will.’ ‘Thank you, but they may not hang you till it’s too late to pay the taxes,’ she said with a sudden malice that matched his own, and she meant it (751).
Sinking into despair, Scarlett walks through the rain until she bumps into Frank Kennedy, her sister Suellen’s fiancé. He escorts her home and mentions that he’s become moderately well-off by running a general store. Frank is also interested in buying a sawmill nearby. With Atlanta’s rebuilding boom, he could make a fortune. Scarlett perks up at this news. Frank is fretful and middle-aged, but he may be the answer to her prayers.
Pouring on the charm, Scarlett invites him to attend a wedding party that evening with her. At the reception, Scarlett spends some time observing her Atlanta friends:
The old days had gone but these people would go their ways as if the old days still existed, charming, leisurely, determined not to rush and scramble for pennies as the Yankees did, determined to part with none of the old ways (778).
Scarlett recognizes the stark contrast between her perspective and theirs: “She wasn’t going to sit down and [...] wait for a miracle to help her. [...] They drew their courage from the past. She was drawing hers from the future” (781). To that end, Scarlett sets her cap for Frank. She lies to him and says that Suellen is going to marry someone else because she got tired of waiting for Frank. In the days that follow, Scarlett maneuvers Frank into proposing to her.
In a private ceremony two weeks later, Scarlett marries Frank. She is careful not to let any friends or family know until it is too late to stop the wedding. Suellen is enraged and writes an angry letter to her sister, but Scarlett doesn’t care. Frank has given her the money to pay Tara’s taxes, but she must stay in Atlanta with Frank and can’t oversee the plantation herself. For his part, Frank is starry-eyed: “She made him feel, for the first time […] that he was a strong upstanding man fashioned by God in a nobler mold than other men […] to protect silly helpless women” (785).
Frank loses this illusion once Scarlett starts turning her attention to his store. Scarlett is surprised to discover what a poor businessman Frank is. He has accumulated $500 in uncollected debts from his customers. Scarlett would love to have that money to buy the sawmill, but Frank is too timid to press for payment. He is surprised and confused that his Scarlett has such a sharp head for business. While Frank is home with influenza, Scarlett spends time at the shop going over the books. To her surprise, Rhett walks in. The Yankees couldn’t make the charges against him stick. Rhett confesses that he still has money but couldn’t give Scarlett any because it would have led the Yankees to the bank where his money is hidden.
Rhett is concerned about the taxes on Tara and wants to help. Scarlett assures him that the taxes have been paid, but she mentions her interest in buying a sawmill. Again, she offers her earrings as collateral, but Rhett is willing to lend her the money as long as the mill doesn’t go toward supporting Ashley Wilkes. Scarlett agrees to his terms, and they drive out that same afternoon to acquire the property.
In the months that follow, Scarlett becomes the talk of the town as she runs the mill independently. Frank is scandalized that she didn’t consult him about the purchase. Worse yet, she’s turning a profit: “[T]his same sweet pretty little head was a ‘good head for figures.’ In fact, a much better one than his own and the knowledge was disquieting” (788). Frank deludes himself with the notion that if Scarlett had a baby to tend, she would lose interest in business and concentrate on domestic duties instead.
In the previous section, Tara became the proving ground for Scarlett’s newfound adaptability. This segment amplifies Adaptability as Key to Survival when she needs to find resources to fend off new threats to Tara posed by Reconstruction. To solve her tax problem, she must go to Atlanta to get a loan from Rhett. This change of setting puts Scarlett on a collision course between the Old South and the New South.
While she could escape the issue to some degree at Tara, Planter Class Assumptions of Dominance run rampant in Atlanta. Everywhere, Scarlett confronts proof that the ruling class is now poor and deprived of political rights in the new government. Nevertheless, the planters carry on as if nothing has changed. They observe the same rituals and social pecking order as in the past, continuing to look down their noses at Yankees and anybody else who finds a way to turn a profit under the new regime. This includes Scarlett. Not only does she scandalize her acquaintances, but her family and even Mammy find her head for business shocking.
This segment illustrates the Lost Cause notion of honor before all else. Now that the Old Guard has lost its financial superiority, it is willing to settle for claiming the moral high ground. Yankees scramble for money, but Southern aristocrats do not. Much like the impoverished nobility of Europe, the Old Guard ranks a family name above wealth. Scarlett has begun to alienate her social circle through her willingness to engage in commerce to survive.
This segment also revisits the theme of Pining for Lost Love. Now that Ashley has returned to Tara, Scarlett’s obsession with him is reactivated. As she pines for Ashley, he pines for his old life. He has already expressed his inability to adapt to changing times. More importantly, he doesn’t want to adapt. He misses his genteel world and his books. As before, he expresses his desire for Scarlett, but his greatest desire is to escape the postbellum world.
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