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45 pages 1 hour read

Sharon M. Draper

Double Dutch

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2002

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Symbols & Motifs

Tornado

The tornado that strikes the school is a symbol of the emotional turmoil that builds up in the characters. Draper describes how the pressure and intensity of the weather build, paralleling the emotional pressure Delia and Randy feel building toward a breaking point. The storm literally tears off pieces of the school roof and metaphorically tears down the protective walls Delia and Randy have built around their secrets. The storm functions similarly for the Tollivers, whose protective tough exterior falls away as their true nature is revealed. For the twins, the storm is both a destructive and redemptive force, allowing them to reinvent themselves, saving Yolanda’s life and connecting meaningfully with their peers.

Just as the storm releases the pressure of the intensifying weather system, the pressure on Delia and Randy is alleviated as well. With the test postponed, Delia has a temporary reprieve. The reduction in pressure causes Delia immense joy, clearing her mind like the now-clear skies. Randy, in turn, is relieved of the burden of trying to survive alone after he finally finds the strength and opportunity to tell Bomani what happened to his father. Just as the storm brings the school community together in the aftermath, it allows Randy to access the support network of his community. The storm is part of a broader pattern in the novel connecting weather to the emotional states of the characters.

Lord of the Flies

The students read Lord of the Flies, a novel about a group of teenagers trapped on a deserted island who rely on their instincts to survive. Lord of the Flies is a symbol of survival in the story, as many of the characters in Double Dutch also must use their instincts to survive. When Delia looks at writing, it devolves into the unknown and inscrutable, like the environment faced by the children in Lord of the Flies. She must find inventive ways to trick everyone into thinking she can read, using skills like deduction, memorization, and occasionally trickery to adapt to what feels like a hostile environment. Randy similarly has to survive in a hostile environment, alone and attending to basic needs like getting enough money to feed himself and his cat. Unlike the characters in Lord of the Flies, however, Randy never resorts to violence, emphasizing his sense of empathy and community involvement.

Like Delia and Randy, the twins use their instincts to protect themselves and survive by inspiring fear in their classmates. They connect to the violence in the story by building their class presentation around the “killing.” However, they also use the opportunity to ask their classmates where the real evil is. The Tollivers point out how the real violence is in the broader community that treats them as “others” who deserve to be feared and ostracized, and show how in Lord of the Flies, the collective group is responsible for all the violent acts.

Twins

Twinship is a motif that recurs throughout the novel to illustrate duality and connection between two separate entities. The first twins in the novel are the Tolliver twins, who move as a single unit through the school. There is an eeriness in the way they move and speak in unison and a recognition by the other students that anyone who has an altercation with them will be outnumbered. The concept of twins arises again when the characters discover that they were hit by “twin tornadoes” rather than a single storm. At first, the twin tornadoes seem to represent the Tolliver twins, blasting through the school and causing destruction, but the storm reveals that the Tollivers’ tough, violent exterior is an illusion.

The real twin storms of the novel are the emotional storms brewing in Randy and Delia’s lives. Throughout the story, Draper draws parallels between their secrets and the way they put immense pressure on their own lives. These twin emotional storms weave together as Delia’s inability to read nearly destroys Randy’s chance of finding his father. Although Delia and Randy are not twins like the Tollivers, Draper creates a metaphorical twinship between them with a shared experience that emphasizes their sameness while also highlighting the separation between them and the difficulty in bridging the divide.

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