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97 pages 3 hours read

Walter Dean Myers

Bad Boy: A Memoir

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2001

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Symbols & Motifs

Books and Writing

Books are without question the most important motif in Bad Boy. This makes sense, given that Myers’s memoir traces the process through which he grew into an author himself. The books Myers reads inspire him to try his hand at writing, and also provide him with new perspectives on how writing can be used; after reading Elizabeth Barrett Browning, for instance, Myers wants “to sit by [his] window, [his] small dog on [his] lap, and write this intensely personal poetry” (96).

However, while they ultimately help Myers establish himself as a writer, the books he reads in childhood and adolescence also shed light on his struggles to find an identity and a community he is comfortable with. As Myers becomes more disillusioned and isolated, he is drawn to literature that seems to reflect that experience of the world; he becomes particularly obsessed with the detachment of Mersault in Camus’s The Stranger, and attempts to write about his own experiences as an outsider from a clinical and emotionless perspective. In some ways, however, Myers’s estrangement from his friends and family is actually a product of the books he is reading. The writers Myers reads are almost entirely white, which to Myers suggests that being black is incompatible with being a great writer. He therefore concludes that his race is a liability and increasingly distances himself from those who share it.

Myers’s dreams of using his own writing to connect with like-minded individuals are therefore doomed from the start, because he is determined not to write about anything unique to himself or his own experiences. As he puts it: “What I was trying [to do with his poems] was not to do anything. What I was trying was to be somebody I could recognize as having the values and interests that I had learned were good” (141). It is only when Myers begins to read works by authors with backgrounds similar to his own that he realizes he doesn’t have to choose between being part of the black community and being part of a writerly community.

Myers’s Speech Impediment

Myers’s speech impediment serves as a symbol for his figurative struggles to find his voice as he grows older. Myers lingers on both the shame his impediment causes him and his own inability to hear himself misspeaking, describing his first meetings with a speech therapist as follows: “The therapist kept trying to get me to pronounce my words clearly, but apparently I did not. The trouble was that to me, the words seemed clear […] I would become very angry if kids laughed at my speech, or even if I thought they were laughing. My first instinct would be to yell at them, quickly followed by punching them” (25).

This difficulty with oral communication is part of what first sparks Myers’s interest in writing: “If I couldn’t speak well, I could still communicate by writing. If the words didn’t come easily from my mouth, they would, I hoped, eventually come from my writing” (120). Ironically, however, Myers’s childhood and adolescent efforts to become a writer are also shaped by blindness and self-doubt. The authors Myers studies and grows to love are uniformly white, and without a black writer to look up to, Myers attempts to copy the style and interests of the works he reads in school. However, these works are detached from Myers’s experiences of life in Harlem, and as time goes on, his love of reading and writing leads him to reject his racial identity more and more. It isn’t until Myers begins to read works by writers like James Baldwin that he is able to find a way of writing that reflects both his love of language and his lived experience.

The Typewriter

The typewriter Myers’s father buys for him is a symbol of Myers’s growing disillusionment with his future. By the time Myers begins saving up to buy himself a typewriter, he is uncomfortably aware that he likely won’t be continuing his education. Having a typewriter, however, would give him the means to continue writing regardless. Myers is therefore devastated when his mother spends the money he has saved up, and not at all consoled by the used typewriter his father buys for him instead: “It had glass sides and looked as if it might have been used to write memos during the Civil War […] It was not the machine I imagined, or the machine I had worked so hard for” (128). These words apply almost equally well to the future Myers was facing at the time; a life of blue-collar work and financial insecurity was not, in Myers’s mind, what he had worked to achieve in school.

The Garment Center

The garment center is a group of factories on New York City’s Seventh Avenue, which Myers describes as producing and shipping much of America’s clothing. Over the course of Bad Boy, the garment center provides off-and-on employment to Florence, Myers’s sisters, and eventually Myers himself. However, because the garment center largely employs immigrants and African-Americans, it is linked in Myers’s mind to the working-class black life he wants to escape; he initially avoids seeking work there and, after taking a job there, bitterly resents being transferred to one of the “outdoor jobs” held mostly by black workers (115). Perhaps most tellingly, Myers comes to associate the garment center with other fixtures of life for many working-class black men:

The garment center and fighting were connected in my mind, and I couldn’t sort them out. I hadn’t been nervous in the bathroom [when Myers saved Frank from being beaten up during a drug deal]. I wasn’t nervous until I got home that evening. I wrote down what happened, making it seem more an intellectual exercise than it was […] I was not walking down a beach and encountering a stranger. This was a possible reality, a kind of life that existed all around me (192-93).

The Brooklyn Dodgers

As a young boy, Myers dreams of becoming an athlete, which he knows even at age 10 to be one of the few avenues in which a black man could achieve fame success: “Blacks were entertainers, or churchgoers, or athletes” (50). As Myers grows older, he largely gives up his hopes of becoming a professional athlete, but still hopes to secure a basketball scholarship so that he can go to college. The Brooklyn Dodgers are therefore a symbol of hope for the future, and one that speaks specifically to Myers’s experiences as a young black man; Myers grows up just as Major League Baseball is becoming racially integrated, and the Dodgers are the first team to sign on a black player (Jackie Robinson). As time goes on, the Dodgers continue to be the most racially-diverse team, and Myers invests much of his hope for his own future in their success. As a result, he is heartbroken when the Dodgers lose to the Giants in 1951—the same year that Myers is struggling through his first terms at Stuyvesant and beginning to fear for his future amid his family’s financial difficulties. In other words, Myers ends up seeing the fate of the Dodgers as paralleling his own downward spiral; as time goes on, he continues to follow the Dodgers faithfully, but he “[loses] faith in the Dodgers’ ability to win a World Series” (132).

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