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50 pages 1 hour read

Ibi Zoboi

American Street

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2017

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Chapters 13-18Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 13 Summary

While sitting at the café, Imani explains to Fabiola that she must do research for her papers to get good grades. In front of the café, Dray is sitting in his fancy BMW car playing loud music. Dray gives Kasim something, but Fabiola cannot see what it is. While Kasim closes the café for the day, Imani and Fabiola wait outside. Imani is impressed with Dray’s car. Dray forces Imani to pose in his lap for photos. Kasim comes out and kisses Fabiola. Imani is uncomfortable with Dray, but she, Fabiola, and Kasim ride home in Dray’s car. When Dray drops off Fabiola at her house, Donna meets them. Apparently, Dray posted a photo of him and Imani on social media, and Donna is furious at both Imani and Dray. Donna tries to attack Imani, but Fabiola defends Imani. Donna shoves Dray, and Dray shoves Donna. Pri tries to beat up Dray. Fabiola begins to associate Dray with Baron Samedi, a spirit guide who is the “keeper of death” (132). Fabiola decides to help the detective get the necessary information about Dray in order to get Dray out of Donna’s life. Fabiola texts the detective. 

“Primadonna’s Story” Summary

Another short story follows, told from the perspective of Donna. Donna talks about Dray; she says that they have been a couple since Donna was 12 years old. Donna says that she stays with Dray because he fights for her, and Donna fights for him. Donna says it upsets her that people gossip about her and call her a “ho”—a derogatory term meant to imply that she is sexually promiscuous—because she is pretty and dresses well. She recalls how men would sexually comment on her 10-year-old body. She likes Dray because he keeps other men away from her. 

Chapter 14 Summary

Fabiola gets ready for her first date with Kasim. She wonders if her mother would approve of her dating Kasim. Donna tries to put a wig on Fabiola, but Fabiola prefers the natural hairstyle that Chantal arranges for her. Fabiola puts on a long dress but is self-conscious when Pri mocks her for being modest, so she changes into a more typical American outfit of a sweatshirt and jeans. Kasim picks up Fabiola from her house. He’s using Dray’s fancy car. He plays the music of a Detroit rapper on the radio. He takes Fabiola to an expensive dance performance. Fabiola feels underdressed for their date. Kasim reassures her, saying that it’s only important that she feel “bougie on the inside,” not the outside (143). He thinks that Fabiola has class based on how she acts. Kasim says he got the tickets from his uncle, a man named Q who owns a club in Detroit, where he runs a shady business. Fabiola brings up her uncle, who was known as Haitian Phil in Detroit. Kasim says that Haitian Phil was killed while working for Q, which surprises Fabiola. Fabiola kisses Kasim, and he kisses her back. 

Chapter 15 Summary

Fabiola pretends to be sick to stay home from school. She hears Bad Leg singing a riddle, and she believes the Haitian spirit guide Papa Legba is trying to reach her through Bad Leg. Fabiola follows Bad Leg/Papa Legba—who keeps disappearing and re-appearing like a ghost—down American Street. She reaches the club owned by Q. Fabiola sees Dray, who brings her inside the club. She learns that Q is also Dray’s uncle. Fabiola lies and says she wants to host a party for her mother at the club after her mother is released from jail. Dray pulls out a gun and leaves Fabiola alone for a moment to deal with someone else. Fabiola uses that opportunity to escape the club and run home. Fabiola texts Detective Stevens about the club, but Detective Stevens says that she needs information that will connect Dray to drugs at a party in Grosse Point Park.  

Chapter 16 Summary

While at school, Fabiola gets a text messages from the detective. The detective arranges for Fabiola’s mother to speak with Fabiola by phone. Fabiola asks Manman how she is being treated; she reassures Manman that she will get her out. Manman says that it is Marjorie’s—her sister’s—job to help, not Fabiola’s. She tells Fabiola to focus on her studies. When Fabiola goes home, she wakes up Matant Jo. Fabiola speaks to her in Creole, and Matant Jo tells her to speak English. Fabiola tells Matant Jo about her conversation with her mother. Fabiola notices that Matant Jo has a lot of pill bottles; Matant Jo says she takes them for pain for her condition. Fabiola helps Matant Jo take off her dress and combs Matant Jo’s hair, which is graying.

Matant Jo asks about their life in Haiti and says that Fabiola and Manman were only able to survive with the money that she sent them. Matant Jo mocks Fabiola’s belief that Bad Leg is the spirit guide of Papa Legba, even though Matant Jo once believed the same thing. Fabiola says that Manman came to the US after all these years because Matant Jo was sick, and Matant Jo says that Manman came because she realized it was a mistake to ever go back to Haiti in the first place. 

“Marjorie and Valerie’s Story” Summary

This short story summarizes the early lives of the sisters Valerie Toussaint (Manman) and Marjorie (Matant Jo). When Marjorie was 15 and Valerie was 13, the Haitian dictator Jean-Claude “Baby Doc” Duvalier was removed from power. Marjorie and Valerie were orphans, but they believed freedom and democracy would come to their country. They went to work for a man who tried to assault them, and so they left Haiti, boarding a boat headed to Miami. The boat started filling up with water, but Valerie and Marjorie survived. 

Chapter 17 Summary

Fabiola receives an A grade on her revised essay. Her teacher, Mr. Nolan, asks her how she’s handling the transition to living in Detroit. Mr. Nolan tells her a little bit about his life growing up in Detroit and tells Fabiola to stay focused on school. Imani asks Fabiola about Kasim taking her on the expensive date and says that Kasim will expect Fabiola to have sex with him in return. Donna confronts Imani about Dray. Fabiola says that Donna is just jealous. Fabiola defends her cousins, but Imani says that Fabiola is naïve. In the car on the way home, Fabiola tells Donna that Imani is not interested in Dray. Donna says she knows but that she wants to make sure that Imani doesn’t try to get together with Dray. Fabiola understands the Three Bees—Chantal, Pri, and Donna—are trying to protect their reputation. Fabiola wants to protect her cousins and her friends, like Imani.

Donna says that Fabiola is going to join her for Dray’s birthday party, and that Dray has offered to pay for Fabiola to get her hair and makeup done for the party, because his best friend—Kasim—likes Fabiola. Pri and Chantal do not like Dray, but they put up with him for Donna’s sake. Fabiola agrees to get the makeover if it will make Donna happy. The women in the beauty salon are upset by the scars on Donna’s face, which are the result of Dray beating her. Fabiola talks about Ezili-Danto, the lwa of revenge, who will cut a man or woman who has betrayed her. Fabiola plans to channel Ezili-Danto’s vengeance and get rid of Dray from Donna’s life. 

Chapter 18 Summary

Donna and Fabiola go to a party hosted by Dray. Before Dray and Kasim arrive to pick them up, Donna dresses Fabiola in sexy clothes and gives her a hair extension. Chantal and Kasim tell her to stay true to herself and to not “let Detroit change you” (182). Fabiola is dressing up this way to interest Dray as part of her scheme to get information for Detective Stevens, but she can’t let Kasim know that. Dray and Kasim leave to deal with some guys starting trouble, and Dray gives Donna his phone to hold. When Donna goes to the bathroom, Fabiola looks at Dray’s text messages. She finds a text with information about a drop-off of something—possibly drugs—on the east side of Detroit. Fabiola texts Detective Stevens this information. Guests present Dray with a birthday cake. Dray stares at Fabiola with interest. Kasim takes Fabiola home early, and Dray calls Kasim, upset that they’ve left. Kasim tells Fabiola that Dray is just looking out for Kasim’s best interests. Kasim kisses Fabiola. 

Chapters 13-18 Analysis

In this section, Fabiola tries to blend or assimilate into the larger African American culture of Detroit by changing her makeup, hair, and attire. Chantal and Kasim like Fabiola for who she is and don’t want her to change to become a fake imitation of an American girl. However, Fabiola is torn between adapting to new American attitudes and staying true to her Haitian culture. This culture clash is visible when the English teacher, Mr. Nolan, asks Fabiola how she’s adjusting to life in Detroit, and Fabiola can’t find the right words to convey her complicated feelings about the situation. It is also evident when Matant Jo tells Fabiola yet again to speak English instead of Creole by addressing her as “Aunt” instead of “Matant.” As she struggles to find a balance, Fabiola begins to appreciate the rich African American culture of Detroit. Thanks to Kasim, Fabiola begins to have a more positive and nuanced understanding of this city that she now calls home.

Fabiola is divided not only between Haitian culture and American culture, but also between two sides of herself, as divided loyalties emerge as a theme in this section. For one, she has her love for Kasim and her loyalty to her cousins versus her love and loyalty for her mother. Fabiola tries to suppress her feelings for Kasim so he won’t be caught up in her plan to take down Dray, but she must press on with her plan to expose Dray if she wants her mother to be released. Fabiola also negotiating divided loyalties between her friend, Imani, and her family. As Imani says, “Your cousins will drag me out here on these streets. And it’s all ’cause I’m hanging with you” (173). Her cousins may only be protecting themselves, but their interference is threatening to strip away Fabiola’s freedom to be herself and make friends in this new country.

Freedom is elusive for Matant Jo, too. When the dictator in her home country was removed from office, Matant Jo (Marjorie) rejoiced. “We thought there would be freedom and democracy, and that money would start flowing into the country like a long-awaited rainstorm” (167). It is notable that Marjorie—due to her impoverished background—associates freedom with money. However, there was no freedom to in a country where two orphans could be easily abused by the adults around them, and where they had to work for no pay. So, Marjorie and Valerie fled on a boat to Miami. Although the boat didn’t ultimately make it to Miami, Marjorie later found her way to America: the land she associated with freedom and money. After the death of her husband and years of working hard, Marjorie realizes that total freedom does not automatically come with the accumulation of money. Money may provide for life’s basic comforts, but it does not erase the other challenges of life as an immigrant in a city filled with poverty. Money also will not bring back Marjorie’s husband. As Matant Jo says, “Money can’t buy happiness, as they say. I should know” (163).

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