88 pages • 2 hours read
Frances Hodgson BurnettA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
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Sara must pause several times on the stairs to the attic, weakened by hunger and tiredness, after having been the target of the ill-tempered Miss Minchin and the cook. She does not have a crumb for Melchisedec’s supper. A visit from Ermengarde, who brings books sent by her father, cheers Sara. Sara looks forward to reading Carlyle’s French Revolution and the other books and will tell Ermengarde stories to help her remember the books’ contents.
She has never told Ermengarde of her hunger because this disclosure would make Sara feel like she was begging for food. Sara imagines herself as a soldier on a long march or a castle hostess during a famine: She can tell stories but does not let her guests know the extent of her disagreeable circumstances. Sara hears a sound on the roof but does not see Ram Dass peering into the room. Suddenly, the girls hear Miss Minchin angrily accusing Becky of having stolen a meat pie. Hungry Becky cries in her room that she never touched the item; the cook gave it to her policeman friend. Sara is angry at the mistreatment of Becky. Ermengarde has never seen Sara cry before, and she finally learns that Sara is starving. Ermengarde’s aunt sent her a hamper full of good things to eat, and Ermengarde runs to get it for Sara. Sara requests that Becky be invited, and they pretend to have a party.
Sara feels that something always happens to prevent the very worst thing, “as if the Magic did it” (197). Sara begins to use her imagination to invent table settings, using Ermengarde’s red shawl as a tablecloth and finding old handkerchiefs in her trunk. She imagines a banquet hall with minstrels playing. They barely take pieces of cake before Miss Minchin angrily opens the door: Lavinia betrayed their secret party. Miss Minchin tells Becky she must leave the next morning. The schoolmistress takes Ermengarde’s food and books and tells her to return to bed. She tells Sara that she will have no meals tomorrow, even though she has not eaten today. Sara wonders what her papa would say if he knew. Sara is devastated and goes to sleep, wishing there were a bright fire, a hot supper, and comfortable bedding.
Unknowingly, Sara is awakened by the skylight closing as Ram Dass exits the room. She feels warm under a satin-covered quilt. She sees a blazing fire, a lamp, covered dishes, a boiling kettle, a silk robe, and slippers. Sara believes she is still asleep but discovers that everything is real! On a book’s flyleaf, someone wrote: “To the little girl in the attic. From a friend” (211). Sara cries with joy that someone cares about her. She awakens Becky and shows her the room that the Magic touched while they were asleep.
Sara and Becky spend the rest of the evening eating the hot meal before the cozy fire. The next morning, the school staff and students have heard that Sara is in disgrace. Becky would be fired, except that Miss Minchin cannot easily find another girl to work for such little pay. Jealous Lavinia pried the girls’ party secret out of little Lottie and nastily informed Miss Minchin.
Miss Minchin expects to see Sara broken down after her previous night’s scolding and the deprivation of meals. When Sara appears with joy in her eyes, Miss Minchin is shocked and accuses her of impertinence. Jessie declares that Sara is different from other people. Sara realizes that the wonders she found may have been lent to her for only one night, but she knows that “whatever happens somewhere in the world there is a heavenly kind person who is my friend” (219).
After another miserable, hungry day, Sara enters her attic room. The Magic has brought even more than before! A new supper is on the table for both Sara and Becky, and new decorations beautify the room. Sara always wanted to see a fairy tale come true and now she feels as if she is living in one. Becky asks where it all comes from, and Sara replies that it is more beautiful to not know. From then on, more wonderful comforts and new suppers arrive every evening. Miss Minchin disapprovingly sees Sara looking better: “She seems as little subdued as if […] she were a princess” (224).
One day, two packages addressed to the little girl in the right-hand attic are delivered. When Miss Minchin orders Sara to open them, she finds new, warm clothing with a note stating that the items will be replaced when necessary. Miss Minchin agitatedly wonders if Sara has a powerful, eccentric relation who might be offended if he learned about the mistreatment of Sara. Miss Minchin tells Sara to put on the clothing and come to the schoolroom as a student. All the students stare with curiosity as “Princess Sara” enters the class, dressed in beautiful clothing again. Lavinia scathingly comments that perhaps the diamond mines have materialized.
That evening, Sara decides to write a thank-you note to the mysterious friend. While she is reading to Becky, she hears the monkey on the roof from the house next door. The monkey escaped and is shivering in the snow. Sara knows that it is too cold for the delicate monkey and coaxes the animal to come into her attic room. Sara lets the monkey sleep at her feet and plans to return him the next day.
Three of the so-called Large Family children, Janet, Nora, and Donald, try to cheer up the ill gentleman in his library while he anxiously awaits their father’s return from Moscow. The children tell Mr. Carrisford that they named the lost child “the little un-fairy princess” (234) because she is not a fairy, but she will be like a fairy-tale princess when she is found and given her fortune. When Mr. Carmichael arrives, his children run to kiss him. Mr. Carmichael tells Mr. Carrisford that the child adopted by the Russian couple was Emily Carew, not the child they are seeking. The gentleman miserably declares that a new search must begin. He is unhappy that he inadvertently wronged Captain Crewe’s daughter. Mr. Carmichael searched all the Paris schools and now plans to search London schools. Mr. Carrisford recalls the school next door, but he does not imagine that the servant girl in the attic could be connected to Captain Crewe.
Then, the Magic begins to work. Ram Dass announces that the child in the attic arrived to return the escaped monkey. Ram Dass thought Mr. Carrisford would like to speak with her. Mr. Carrisford explains to Mr. Carmichael that to occupy his long days, he and Ram Dass invented a romantic plan to help this poor child. When Sara speaks thoughtfully about the monkey and asks if she should give it to the servant, the Indian gentleman questions how she knows that Ram Dass is a “Lascar.” Sara explains that she was born in India. The gentleman suddenly sits upright and asks her to come closer. When he asks about Miss Minchin’s seminary, Sara explains that initially she was a pupil, but now she runs errands for the cook. The Indian gentleman asks Mr. Carmichael to question Sara, who tells him about her father’s death and the loss of his fortune through trusting a dear friend. When Sara reveals her father’s name, the Indian gentleman gasps and appears to be dying before Ram Dass gives him medicine.
Sara is bewildered until Mr. Carmichael reveals that Mr. Carrisford was her father’s friend. They have been looking for her for two years. Sara is shocked that all this time she was “just on the other side of the wall” (242).
Janet, Nora, and Donald are very glad that Sara has been found; Donald reproaches himself that he did not ask Sara’s name when he gave her his sixpence. Their mother, Mrs. Carmichael, arrives to take Sara into her warm arms and explain everything. Sara asks if the Indian gentleman was her father’s wicked friend. Mrs. Carmichael kisses Sara and clarifies that Mr. Carrisford was not wicked; he only thought he lost the money and almost died out of grief over the misfortune before he learned that Sara’s papa died. When Sara discovers that Mr. Carrisford was the one who told Ram Dass to make her dream in the attic come true, Sara is overjoyed. She kneels next to Mr. Carrisford and kisses his hand: “Then it is you who are my friend” (245).
Mr. Carrisford decides that Sara will not return to the seminary. She is relieved because she knows the schoolmistress does not like her, although she thinks, “Perhaps it is my fault, because I do not like her” (246). Suddenly, Miss Minchin arrives to find out why Sara is at the Indian gentleman’s house. She tells Sara that she will be severely punished for the intrusion and to go home at once, but Mr. Carrisford announces that Sara’s future home will be with him. He tells his lawyer, Mr. Carmichael, to explain everything to the indignant Miss Minchin, who is shocked to learn that Sara inherited a diamond-mines fortune. The greedy schoolmistress protests that Captain Crewe left Sara in her charge, and she has done everything for the girl; Sara must return to her school. Sara tells Miss Minchin that she knows why Sara will not go back with her. After Miss Minchin threatens that Sara will never see her friends again, Mr. Carmichael firmly informs the schoolmistress that Sara can invite any of her friends to her guardian’s house. Miss Minchin warns Mr. Carrisford that Sara is not truthful or grateful and acidly tells the girl that she supposes Sara feels like a princess again. Embarrassed, Sara quietly answers that she tried not to be anything else, even when she was the “coldest and hungriest” (252).
At the seminary, Miss Minchin’s sister, Miss Amelia, finally has the courage to tell the schoolmistress that she mistreated Sara, who was a clever and good child: “The fact was, she was too clever for you, and you always disliked her for that reason […] though she behaved herself like a little princess even when she was a beggar” (253). That evening in the schoolroom, Ermengarde reads from Sara’s letter to her, announcing to the amazed pupils that Sara will be even richer than before. Ermengarde will visit her tomorrow. When Becky goes up to the attic room, glad for Sara’s sake but sad to be alone, she is astonished to find supper waiting for her and Ram Dass standing in the room with a letter from Sara. He tells Becky that Sara did not want her to go to sleep unhappy, and tomorrow Becky will move to the Indian gentleman’s house to be Sara’s attendant.
The so-called Large Family’s children want to repeatedly hear Sara tell the story of her sufferings and adventures in the attic with the sparrows and Melchisedec. Their favorite part is when Sara’s dream came true. Sara asks, “Uncle Tom,” the name that Mr. Carrisford asked her to call him, to tell his part of the story. He explains that Ram Dass’s description of Sara’s situation and how it might be secretly improved caught his interest when he was ill. Ram Dass witnessed the disastrous ending of the pretend banquet and silently crept into the room while Sara was asleep to receive the things his companion handed through the skylight.
Sara and Uncle Tom become wonderful friends. Uncle Tom’s health is restored as “the magician” enjoys inventing new gifts to surprise her, including a new dog who serves “Princess Sara.” One evening, Sara thinks about the hungry child she saw begging. Uncle Tom says that she can do anything she wants with her money, so Sara plans to go to the bakery and tell the shopkeeper that if she sees hungry children, she should call them in, give them something to eat, and send the bills to Sara.
The next morning, Miss Minchin is annoyed to see Sara, warmly dressed in furs and attended by a healthy looking Becky, get into the Indian gentleman’s carriage. The bakery woman eventually recognizes the transformed Sara, never having forgotten that she gave five of her buns to the starving child “as if you was a princess” (264). After Sara makes her proposal, the bakery woman is delighted, since she cannot afford to do much on her own. She has been trying to give away some bread since she witnessed hungry Sara’s generosity. The woman tells Sara that she has hired the child, Anne, to help her in the shop and given her a home. Anne is now clean and neatly clothed; she immediately recognizes Sara. Sara extends her hand to Anne and asks if Anne would be the one to give the buns to hungry children because she knows what it feels like to be hungry. Anne agrees, and the girls understand each other.
The first two chapters of the final section of the book preview the ultimate restoration of Sara’s good fortune. In these two chapters, aspects of Sara’s life gradually improve so she can survive. When circumstances seem to be almost at their worst, Sara believes that the “Magic” (some kind of benevolent power) prevents the worst from happening. In Chapter 15, Sara and Becky are faint with hunger when Ermengarde suddenly recalls her aunt’s gift of a hamper full of food and offers it. Sara’s powerful imagination creates a banquet hall feast out of a few old things from her trunk and Ermengarde’s red shawl. However, Miss Minchin removes everything before the starving girls can enjoy the meal.
Nevertheless, Sara planted a seed by stating her vision about how her attic room could be made comfortable. Although Sara is devastated and surrenders to sleep, the Magic is activated. Ram Dass conspires with his employer to bring Sara’s vision to life, and she awakens to a nurturing meal and a warm fire. For Sara, the important point is that she discovers that a mysterious friend cares about her. In Chapter 16, Sara receives more secret comforts and food daily, and her strength and health are restored. The next phase of the Magic is the delivery of new clothes for Sara, which frightens Miss Minchin into treating her a little better and restoring Sara to her place as a student.
Sara maintains her “inner princess” standard of kindness during this unexpected influx of gifts. She always invites Becky to share what she receives. Sara rescues the monkey from freezing in the snow as she rescues Ermengarde and Lottie when they have trouble with their lessons. Sara’s instincts involve gratitude and generosity, and she eagerly writes a thank-you note to her mysterious benefactor. Although Sara could easily and exact revenge when she appears in the schoolroom dressed again in beautiful clothes, she maintains her “princess” standard of behavior. Burnett emphasizes this constancy in Chapter 18’s title, “I Tried Not to Be,” a reference to Sara’s strenuous effort to remain true to her ideals even at her coldest and hungriest. Miss Amelia finally confronts her older sister with the truth that Sara “behaved herself like a little princess” (253) with goodness and courtesy, even when she was abused.
Sara’s act of returning the escaped monkey is the catalyst for the conversation that reveals her true identity to the men and fully restores her lost fortune after two years of trials and sufferings. Sara does not forget her friend Becky, rewarding her with a new position as her attendant in Mr. Carrisford’s luxurious home. Although a division by social class continues between Sara and Becky, Becky’s life with her friend is far more comfortable, and the good health that she enjoys in her new home is evident in her appearance.
In Chapter 19, the story achieves the happy ending typical of its era through Sara’s gain of a loving substitute father, “Uncle Tom” Carrisford, and her ability to use her restored fortune to help any hungry girl on the street. Having learned what it feels like to have no food, Sara designates the bakery woman and the child she met begging for food, Anne, to give out hot buns for which “the little princess” will pay. Burnett’s tale fuses fairy-tale fantasies of luxury and fortune with a Victorian emphasis upon moral character, uprightness, and self-control, ultimately rewarding her protagonist for displaying these traits with constancy in times of plenty and times of suffering.
By Frances Hodgson Burnett